Task 4 – The Maintenance of the Acid – Base balance in the body (D1) pH is measured based on its acidity and alkalinity. There are many substances around the body that have different pH values. A pH of 7 is usually considered neutral‚ neither acid nor alkaline‚ this is the pH of water. In the body the acids and bases need to be in very close balance‚ this is called ‘acid base homeostasis. If it goes off too far in either direction then it could be fatal to the body. For example in the body the blood
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1. A female client is admitted with a diagnosis of acute renal failure. She is awake‚ alert‚ oriented‚ and complaining of severe back pain‚ nausea and vomiting and abdominal cramps. Her vital signs are blood pressure 100/70 mm Hg‚ pulse 110‚ respirations 30‚ and oral temperature 100.4°F (38°C). Her electrolytes are sodium 120 mEq/L‚ potassium 5.2 mEq/L; her urinary output for the first 8 hours is 50 ml. The client is displaying signs of which electrolyte imbalance? A. Hyponatremia B. Hyperkalemia
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patient’s legs without causing pressure • Use compression socks or hosiery to help poor circulation in the legs CASE STUDY 2 1. a. The type of acid-base imbalance that would be most likely to develop is Respiratory Alkalosis. b. The causes of Respiratory Alkalosis are head injury‚ stroke or brain hemorrhage that results to hyperventilation or breathing so fast that he depletes a majority of the carbon dioxide in his system causing an acid-base
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Cause of Cystic Fibrosis Cystic Fibrosis is caused by a mutation in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene. The CFTR gene codes for the CFTR protein which is a chloride ion channel belonging to the ABC (what does it stand for) transporter superfamily of proteins. The CFTR proteins are normally located on the apical plasma membrane of epithelial cells in the airways‚ lungs‚ skin‚ digestive organs (E.g. - the pancreas and intestine) and reproductive tracts (E.g. - sperm
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Chapter 5 Airway Management Unit Summary After students complete this chapter and the related course work‚ they will understand the need for proper airway management‚ including recognizing and measuring adequate and inadequate breathing‚ maintaining an open airway‚ and providing artificial ventilation. Students will be able to demonstrate basic competency in applying these concepts to appropriate care through the use of airway adjuncts‚ suction equipment‚ oxygen equipment and delivery
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pale and cool‚ edema | |Resp |Dyspnea‚ accessory muscle use‚ + sputum | | |RR 6 or > 40‚ CXR = infiltrates‚ | | |ABG = acidosis‚ hypoxemia‚ crackles‚ wheeze | |Renal |Urine output 20-30cc/hr | | |BUN > 100‚ Creat > 3.5 | | |Anasarca
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Arterial Blood Gas Values: 1. Respiratory acidosis 2. Metabolic alkalosis 3. Normal 4. Respiratory alkalosis Case Study: 1. When listening to the patient I would expect to hear crackles and wheezing. 2. Normal oxygen saturation is 95% to 100%. 3.Since the patient does have a history of diabetes and asthma‚ he has a higher risk of contracting viruses due to the fact that diabetes lowers your immune response‚ and asthma causes your airway to become more sensitive. With the patient
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The metabolic acidosis can be classed as being of an acute nature as it is only lasting for the period between minutes to several days as set out by Kraut and Madias (2010) classification. Kraut and Madias (2010) state that chronic forms of metabolic acidosis last weeks to years. Kraut and Madias (2010) identified also that when metabolic acidosis is of an acute nature it is likely due to the overproduction of organic acids
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It seems as though “Helen” has been afflicted with respiratory acidosis from the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood. The other symptoms that she is experiencing‚ the hypoventilation and sluggishness are due to the damage in her lungs from the emphysema. To regulate Helen’s breathing and carbon dioxide levels she needs to try to inhale long deep breaths and drug intervention may be needed as well. Respiratory acidosis is a condition in which a build-up of carbon dioxide in the blood produces
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Fluid and Electrolytes Study Guide -Fluids and Electrolytes move between interstitial fluid (surrounds the cell) and the intravascular fluid (blood plasma‚ capillaries). -Intracellular Fluid: -Extracellular Fluid: -Interstitial Fluid -Intravascular Fluid -Transcellular Fluid -Filtration: movement of water and smaller molecules through a semipermeable membrane. it s promoted by hydrostatic pressure‚ lack of this will call edema and unable to concentrate urine -Diffusion: from a high concentration
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