Mohammad is a 41-year-old gentleman‚ unlucky enough to crash his car into a tree at 5.30 am. He smokes a lot but is otherwise healthy. His injuries are significant and include right-sided hemopneumothorax‚ multiple ribs fractures and cerebral contusions. On arrival to Emergency Department he is very unwell; in severe pain‚ pale and diaphoretic with decreased level of consciousness. His vital signs are abnormal and arterial blood gases - concerning. The essay below draws on the case study as described
Premium Respiratory physiology Blood Pulmonology
potentials. It does this by moving in and out of the body’s cells with the help of the sodium-potassium pump‚ an active transport system than moves potassium against its concentration gradient. This is what gives cells their membrane potential. In acidosis‚ there is a high concentration of hydrogen ions in the extracellular fluid‚ this promotes an influx of Hydrogen ions into the cells. As the electro positive Hydrogen ion moves into the cell‚ Potassium (K+) moves out of the cell to maintain the membrane
Premium Blood Myocardial infarction Hypertension
1. Introduction People still die from diabetic ketoacidosis. Poor patient education is probably the most important determinant of the incidence of the catastrophe that constitutes "DKA". In several series‚ only about a fifth of patients with DKA are first-time presenters with recently acquired Type I diabetes mellitus. The remainder are recognised diabetics who are either noncompliant with insulin therapy‚ or have serious underlying illess that precipitates DKA. Most such
Free Insulin Diabetes mellitus Glucose
Nurses ’ Role in Health Assessment of Patient with COPD and CHF The nursing role in health assessment involves a systematic collection of data that provides information to facilitate a plan of care to deliver the best care for the patient. Assessment is the foundation of nursing practice. The nurse carries out health assessment to determine the patient ’s condition of health‚ risk factors‚ as well as the need for health education in order to develop an individualized care plan. The nurse
Premium Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Health Health care
which confirmed ketonuria or for the abnormal amount of ketones. As a result‚ she was sent to the intensive care unit for metabolic acidosis or when the body makes too much acid or when the kidneys are not sufficient when removing acid from the body. There are four things that are when ingested‚ are known to cause metabolic acidosis: methanol‚ ethylene glycol‚ L- or D-lactate acidosis‚ or ketoacidosis (from diabetes mellitus‚ alcohol‚ or starvation). Doctors found that she did not ingest any of these
Premium Nutrition Obesity Blood
Ch 14‚ 15‚ 18 1. Fluid surrounding the cells is called ______________ fluid. 2. The largest portion of a person’s body weight is contributed by: a. water b. fat c. bone d. muscle 3. Which of the following electrolytes are anions? (select all that apply) a. sodium b. calcium c. chloride d. bicarbonate 4. The movement of water across a membrane from a less concentrated solution to a more concentrated solution
Premium Blood PH Electrolyte
I. Describe the role of the following hormones in the formation of urine‚ specifically explain the stimulus for their release‚ actions (decrease/increase GFR) and whether or not dilute/concentrated urine results): ADH (Vasopressin) – ADH has an antidiuretic action that prevents the production of dilute urine. Formation of urine = in the DCT and collecting ducts‚ water movement out of the body is regulated by ADH. Stimulus for their release = lowered blood pressure or low salt or water concentration
Premium Kidney Hypothalamus Endocrine system
CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LABORATORY CONSON‚ JULIHRENE MICAR M. November 28‚ 2013 BS PHARMACY 4 CASE NO. 3. Jeh‚ a 21 year old female was brought to the ER in generalized seizures. On query‚ she was found sprawled on the floor‚ unresponsive despite her dorm mate’s efforts to wake her by shaking her and slapping her cheeks. Vomitus and unknown white tablets (INH) were littered around her. It took 15 minutes to reach the ER. During transport‚ aides claimed she went into active seizures twice with
Premium Seizure Poison Symptoms
corticosteroids‚ and a person’s poor compliance with their insulin injections or insulin pump failure are some of the causes of DKA. Diabetic ketoacidosis‚ most often occurs in those with type I diabetes‚ and is associated with hyperglycemia‚ ketosis‚ and metabolic acidosis. The inadequate amount of insulin causes glucose to accumulate in the blood‚ resulting in hyperglycemia. Osmotic diuresis results from amino acids being converted to urea and glucose. The diuresis causes dehydration and substantial electrolyte
Premium Diabetes mellitus Insulin Diabetes
a condition called hyperventilation which will cause respiratory alkalosis. Respiratory alkalosis can prevent the person from enhancing their breathing rate to the level needed for survival. Most of the time the body will compensate for the decrease in oxygen. With exercise‚ the person will consume more oxygen than they do when they are at rest. They also will produce more carbon dioxide due to the increase metabolic rate. The more intense the exercise the more oxygen they will consume
Premium Oxygen Altitude sickness Carbon dioxide