Purine metabolism is central to the production of nucleotides in the body. Imbalances in this process can lead to hyperuricemia which is abnormally high levels of uric acid in the blood [>360μmol/L in females and >400μmol/L in males]. Hyperuricemia can lead to uric acid crystals precipitating in the joints‚ skin‚ vessels and other tissues‚ this is a form of inflammatory arthritis known as gout. Uric acid is a metabolite of purine metabolism therefore gout can aptly be characterized as a disorder
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2005; 2: 1-4 Drug Metabolism in the Neonate Imti Choonara Academic Division of Child Health‚ University of Nottingham‚ Clinical Sciences Wing The Medical School‚ Derbyshire Children ’s Hospital‚ UK _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract The newborn infant has a reduced capacity for drug metab olism in comp arison with infants and children. This is more marked in the preterm neonate. Altered drug metabolism may predispose the
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Questions to Ponder…… Hormones and Regulation of Metabolism 1. Patrick was diagnosed with Diabetes mellitus on his 8th birthday. His 65-year old aunt was just diagnosed with Diabetes also. Patrick is having a hard time understanding why he needs injections‚ while his aunt controls her blood sugar with diet and oral medication. Why is his aunt’s treatment different from his? Patrick’s diagnosis is different than his aunt’s because he has Diabetes Mellitus type 1. This is when the body no longer
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The study of metabolism reaches as far back as the thirteenth century. With it‚ things like the citric acid cycle‚ mitochondrial physiology‚ and diseases like diabetes have been better understood. The overall concept of metabolism is key in any biological field and it helps ensure the survival of an organism. It does so by converting things like food that we ingest into energy via a series of somewhat complex biochemical reactions. This energy can then be used for a multitude of things including
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First pass metabolism. Pharmacology is the study of the effects drugs have and how they exert them. Drugs can be administered enteral or parenteral. [1] Enteral refers to any form of administration that involves the alimentary tract. The four enteral routes of administration include the mouth‚ sublingual‚ buccal and rectal. Parenteral refers to routes of administration outside of or beside of the alimentary tract. The parenteral route includes intravascular (IV)‚ Intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous
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Introduction to London Greater London‚ located in the south-east of England‚ is the top administrative subdivision covering London‚ England [1]. It has been covering the City of London and all 32 boroughs since 1965 which was when the administrative area was officially created [1]. It is the largest and most populated city in the European Union with an area of 1‚579 km² and a population of 7‚512‚400 (mid 2006) [2][3][4]. For the remainder of this document‚ Greater London will be referred to as
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ANAEROBIC AND AEROBIC METABOLISM Lab 5 BCEM 341 – Winter 2014 Nebojsa Kuljic 10066717 Partner: Kendra Skalyn B02 Introduction Cells of all organisms can obtain energy through the combustion of sugars‚ either in the presence of oxygen (Aerobically) or without oxygen (Anaerobically). The purpose of this experiment was to perform a quantitative investigation of the differences between Anaerobic and Aerobic metabolism using pea seedlings and yeast organisms [1].
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Simon‚ E.J.‚ Dickey‚ J.L.‚ & Reece‚ J.B. (2010). Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology. San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings. Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database. * Kozlicki‚ S. & Wagar‚ L. (2009). Cell Metabolism. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bOdhg1J_kQg * Prteur‚ Bryant (2010). 02-Chemistry in Biology. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zu4rcGK1fHk * Texas Education Agency. (2012).Cell Structure and Function-Advanced Biotechnology
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Cocaine – give NH4CI Rate of elimination There are sufficient liver enzymes to metabolize high concentration of drugs But‚ lower levels of drug leads to slower metabolism Therefore‚ rate of excretion described by half-life Half-life (T ½) = Time to reduce [ ] of drug in blood plasma by one half First Order Kinetics Rate of metabolism is proportional to the [ ] of the drug; half-life does not vary with the dose; 97% eliminated in 5 half lives Zero Order Kinetics Drug cleared at a constant rate
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Insomnia‚ a sleep disorder‚ is characterized by arduousness falling or staying asleep. This disease affects individuals nationally; more than 50 percent of the population undergoes this disease and teenagers and younger children comprise of about 25 percent of the population suffering from insomnia‚ making it a substantial disease to be indoctrinated about. (“Insomnia Facts”) Insomnia presents itself as a compulsory topic in a student’s edification since this subject impacts slumber patterns of the
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