Realism Is reality dependent of us and our minds Beyond what our minds ascertain This position - connected to theory of meaning - meaning of propositions is what makes them true/false Depends on its truth conditions - what fact makes it true Anti-realists We need verification conditions -when truth conditions apply -and we are justified to hold them E.g. Past and present Past- can’t be repeated -ways of getting hold of it is. fallible. Said statements about the past - verification -
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t Kant: Critique of Pure Reason There have been many philosophical perspectives and debates held throughout the centuries on the foundations of human knowledge. The stand points that both Descartes and Locke have differ and both of these philosophers’ perspectives have contributed to the rational and empirical debate about the foundations of human knowledge. Descartes’ understanding of the foundations of human knowledge takes on a rational viewpoint and has lead to Locke’s response of an empirical
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Immanuel Kant 1724-1804 Immanuel Kant was born on April 22‚ 1724 in Konigsberg‚ East Prussia. He was the son of a saddler. At age 8‚ he entered the Collegium Fredericianum‚ a Latin school‚ where he remained for 8 1/2 years and studied the classics. He then entered the University of Konigsberg in 1740 to study philosophy‚ mathematics‚ and physics. The death of his father halted his university career so he became a private tutor. In 1755‚ he returned to Konigsburg where he later resumed his studies
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In Immanuel Kant’s Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals (1785)‚ he explains the concept of Categorical imperative. This theory‚ states that universal moral law is applicable to all rational beings and that universal law has no dependence on individualized objectives. Humans have the ability to reason and establish what their moral duties are. He produces an argument for this assessment of morality by addressing the roles of means and ends. A mean is something that is done in order to achieve a
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The cosmological argument has been used for centuries to appeal to the existence of God‚ dating back to around 350 BC. Versions have been found in Plato’s Laws‚ 893-96‚ Aristotle’s Physics (VIII‚ 4-6)‚ and Aristotle’s Metaphysics (XII‚ 1-6). St. Thomas Aquinas‚ a Dominican priest‚ theologian‚ and philosopher‚ also included his version of the argument in Summa Theologica‚ along with four other contentions for the existence of God. The argument has been reasserted by Enlightenment writers such as Georg
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of conflicting events. The nature of the mind is considered as well‚ using arguments of logical positivists to truly scrutinize the ideas brought up in the film. The movie tests the viewer’s beliefs about the soul‚ even tying ideas into eastern metaphysics and the concept of inner reality versus outer reality. In fact‚ Jarmusch even uses this film to bring attention to the nature of being‚ including a wide range of existentialist ideas. The film is gorgeous both cinematically speaking‚
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The debate of the existences of God has been going on for centuries‚ on who is right and who is wrong. Many philosophers have try to argue and debate on who has a clear version of what is true and correct‚ be it from the religious reasoning or scientific reasoning. The debates for the existences of God have gone through all topic that form the point why we are how we are to the reason that we are here‚ for this reason philosophers have argue from the very begin. The point when the universe is created
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Introduction The following essay is based on the paper „Possible Worlds‟ by Robert C. Stalnaker from Cornell University. The author Robert C. Stalnaker is probably best known as one of the founders along with David Lewis of the possible world theory of conditionals and counterfactuals. Stalnaker takes the possible world framework as a method to look at some problems in the theory of knowledge and philosophy of mind. In this paper‚ the author recognises four theses in what he calls David Lewis‟s extreme
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|[pic] |Syllabus | | |College of Humanities | | |PHI/105 Version 4 | |
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René Descartes (1596—1650) René Descartes is often credited with being the “Father of Modern Philosophy.” This title is justified due both to his break with the traditional Scholastic-Aristotelian philosophy prevalent at his time and to his development and promotion of the new‚ mechanistic sciences. His fundamental break with Scholastic philosophy was twofold. First‚ Descartes thought that the Scholastics’ method was prone to doubt given their reliance on sensation as the source for all knowledge
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