hypothesis or question using a systematic method to discover an answer. The key to the concept of research as opposed to simply guessing at answers is the systematic approach it employs. This systematic approach is commonly referred to as the Scientific Method. Without the Scientific Method research would loose its validity because there would be no controls in place to make sure you are measuring or evaluating what you actually set out to find. The scientific method usually begins with some background
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International (ODI) cricket has transformed over the years however the rain rule method of setting targets has remained constant for over a decade‚ the Duckworth/Lewis (D/L) method‚ arguably the most statistically influential phenomenon in cricket. While the accuracy of the D/L method has been well analysed‚ the comparison of it to its best alternative has not been given as much attention. The Jayadevan (VJD) method‚ an alternative which has been over looked for the past 10 years by the International
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environment? X Who is likely to be first to adapt to each competitive challenge? X How much change should the firm anticipate both in the short run and the long run? In this paper‚ I will provide an overview of forecasting methods and compare and contrast these various methods. The paper will then focus on how Mattel‚ one of the nations largest toy manufacturers‚ uses demand forecasting under conditions of uncertainty ¡V most specifically those relating to the pattern and rate at which customers
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PARTICIPATORY METHODS By Dr. Linda Mayoux ABSTRACT: PARTICIPATORY METHODS Participatory methods should be an integral part of any impact assessment for enterprise development. Their use is necessary to addressing the concerns of both the sustainable livelihoods approach and the human rights approach in DFID-funded enterprise interventions. Participatory methods are now well developed in relation to project-level impact assessment. CONTENTS: Introduction Section 1: WHAT ARE PARTICIPATORY METHODS? PRINCIPLES
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provides information on data coding and analysis; section 3.7 focuses upon the issues of generalization‚ reliability and validity; section 3.8 enlists study limitations. Section 3.9 summarizes and concludes the chapter. 3.1 Choice for Research Methodology Research methods have been broadly divided into quantitative and qualitative categories with a third category bridging both methods often referred as mixed-method approach (Biemans‚ 2003). The quantitative methods have been employed by researchers taking
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Overview of Research Methods * Quantitative Research: translates the social world into numbers which can be studied mathematically * Qualitative Research: Uses non-numerical data like texts‚ interviews‚ photos and recordings to help understand social life The Scientific Approach * The Scientific Method—a procedure for acquiring knowledge that emphasizes collecting data through observation and experiment. * Most sociologists believe that they should not allow their personal beliefs
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data. These steps are critical for researchers. Not only is it important to follow the steps of research‚ but it is allow important to know which research to choose. Research methods determine what kind of research is being done. Quantitative research involves numbers‚ qualitative research involves words‚ and both mixed methods and action research combine both quantitative research and qualitative research. The Research Process The five major objectives of educational research include exploration
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STRUCTURES CHAPTER SIX 6. KANIS METHOD OR ROTATION CONTRIBUTION METHOD OF FRAME ANALYSIS This method may be considered as a further simplification of moment distribution method wherein the problems involving sway were attempted in a tabular form thrice (for double story frames) and two shear co-efficients had to be determined which when inserted in end moments gave us the final end moments. All this effort can be cut short very considerably by using this method. → Frame analysis is carried out by solving
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COMPARATIVE METHOD (COMPARISON APPROACH) Principle 1. The subject property is compared to similar properties that have recently been sold for capital value‚ or rented for rental value. 2. The underlying assumption is that if the subject property had been in competition with the comparable property‚ and‚ appealing to the same class of purchaser‚ it would have been in the same market and would have fetched the same price. 3. The principle of substitution is thus intrinsic to this approach
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Quant Formula Study Guide MISCELLANEOUS‚ COMMONLY USED FORMULAS Finite population correction factor: Multiply SE of sample mean by fpc to make the correction ------------------------------------------------- Independent samples of same population with same standard deviation (variances are equal). Confidence interval: df for t-multiple is (df1 + df2)‚ or (n1 – 1) + (n2 - 1) Pooled estimate of common standard deviation: SE of difference between two sample means -------------------------------------------------
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