that artificial fruit flavoring has. Esters are derived from carboxylic acids. A carboxylic acid contains the –COOH group‚ and in an ester the hydrogen in this group is replaced by a hydrocarbon group of some kind. This could be an alkyl group like methyl or ethyl‚ or one containing a benzene ring like phenyl[1]. Esters are widespread in nature. Small esters‚ in combination with other volatile compounds‚ produce the pleasant aroma of fruits. It is amazing that so many fragrances and flavors can be
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Extraction and analysis of two compounds from unknown solution C ABSTRACT Liquid C and solid C were both extracted from unknown solution by first using chemically active liquid-liquid extract‚ followed by vacuum filtration. Liquid C and solid C were then purified with the use of simple distillation and recrystallization respectively. Through the process of recrystallization‚ the percentage purity of solid C was found to be 6.01%. The melting point range of purified solid C was 117.0 – 119
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for example: (CH3)2C=CHCHClCH3 is 4-chloro-2-methyl-2-pentene. If you are uncertain about the IUPAC rules for nomenclature you should review them now. Alcohols are usually named by the first procedure and are designated by an ol suffix‚ as in ethanol‚ CH3CH2OH (note that a locator number is not needed on a two-carbon chain). On longer chains the location of the hydroxyl group determines chain numbering. For example: (CH3)2C=CHCH(OH)CH3 is 4-methyl-3-penten-2-ol. Other examples of IUPAC nomenclature
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Trino‚ Jahn Camille B. Valdez‚ Ariza Yamashita Department of Biological Sciences‚ College of Science Group 11 Corresponding author: gerome_911@yahoo.com Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize isopentyl acetate via Fischer esterification reaction between acetic anhydride and isoamyl alcohol‚ using concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst. This reaction is characterized by the combining of an alcohol and an acid (with an acid catalyst) to yield and ester plus water. In order to
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concentrated hydrochloric acid. Q6. Explain why the solution became milky white in appearance after adding 11 M HCl(aq) to the tertiary butyl alcohol. Q7. A student is given two alcohols with which to perform Lucas Test. These are cyclohexanol and 2-methyl-2-propanol. The bottles containing each alcohol are labelled‚ but the propettes used are not. The student accidentally muddles the propettes. When drops of each alcohol are mixed with Lucas. Reagent and kept at 27 °C‚ both solutions become turbid
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Synthesis of Triphenyl Phosphate and Benzyl Benzoate with Phase-Transfer Catalyst in Heterogeneous Liquid-Liquid Reaction System S a t o r u Asai‚’ Hidemi Nakamura‚ Mitsunori Tanabe‚ and Kenji Sakamoto Department of Chemical Engineering‚ University of Osaka Prefecture‚ Sakai‚ Osaka 593‚Japan The synthetic reactions of triphenyl phosphate from diphenylphosphoryl chloride and sodium phenoxide and of benzyl benzoate from benzyl chloride and sodium benzoate with phase-transfer catalyst were studied
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Aspirin) Background Salicylic acid is a phenol as well as a carboxylic acid. It can therefore undergo two different types of esterification reactions‚ creating an ester either with the hydroxyl or with the acid. In the presence of acetic anhydride‚ acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin or ASA) is formed. Correspondingly‚ an excess of methanol will form methyl salicylate‚ which is also an analgesic. In this experiment‚ we shall use the former reaction to prepare aspirin. Salicylic acid
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Chapter I PRODUCT SPECIFICATION I. Introduction Mango (Magnifera indicia) is a major tropical fruit that is widely consumed in the society. It is considered the dominant tropical fruit variety in the world (Sarris 2003) with total production worldwide of about 25 million metric tonnes a year. It is a succulent‚ delicious fruit with a high nutritional content that is commonly consumed when ripe. Mango is a seasonal fruit that is native to Southeast Asia. As a result of its sweet taste and the large
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and 2853.8 cm-1 (Sp3 C-H); H1NMR (d6-DMSO) 11.487ppm (2‚ 0)‚ 6.097ppm (M‚ 2H)‚ 3.160 ppm (D‚ 2H)‚ 2.995 ppm (S‚ 2H)‚ 1.280 ppm (S‚ 2H); 13C NMR (d6-DMSO) 173.979 ppm‚ 135.199 ppm‚ 48.714 ppm‚ 48.269 ppm‚ 46.384 ppm. After hydrolysis the Fisher Esterification reaction is ran on the diacid. In a 25 mL round bottom flask the endo-diacid is mixed with methanol and concentrated sulfuric acid. A boiling chip is added to the flask and a reflux condenser is attached. The mixture
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experimental research‚ edible rice bran oil used as test material and converted into methyl ester and non-edible jatropha vegetable oil is converted into jatropha oil methyl ester‚ which are known as biodiesel and they are prepared in the presence of homogeneous acid catalyst and optimized their operating parameters like reaction temperature‚ quantity of alcohol and the catalyst requirement‚ stirring rate and time of esterification. In the second step‚ the physical properties such as density‚ flash point
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