with the aqueous layer when the aqueous layer was getting separated from the organic layer by a pipette. One of the methods that favors the formation of an ester can be made by adding excess acetic acid and another method is conducting Fischer esterification‚ which water will be removed to form the ester. There are several ways to have more isopentyl acetate. First‚
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Preparation of Fruit Flavors (Pear) Abstract. In this experiment an assigned Ester is prepared‚ particularly n-Propanol. The Preparation was done via Fischer reaction. In this reaction‚ a reflux set-up is required. The reflux set-up was used in the liquid-liquid extraction. After adding an immiscible solution to the compound containing n-Propanol‚ the mixture now will have two layer: the Organic and Aqueous layer. The organic layer is the extract needed and its % yield is computed resulting to
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Topic Acid-Base Theory (Unit 1) Acid-Base Theory (Unit 2) Isomerism (Unit 1) Isomerism (Unit 2) Nomenclature Reaction Mechanism (Unit 1) - Introduction to Mechanism Reaction Mechanism (Unit 2) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 3) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 4) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 5) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 6) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 7) - Elimination Reaction Mechanism
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Biofuels – Alternative and Renewable Sources of Energy - Modified from Source: http://biofuel.org.uk/ BIOMASS Biomass can be termed as organic material which is derived from living or more “recently deceased” organisms. The most important feature of biomass is that it is a renewable source of energy unlike other natural resources like coal‚ petroleum and even nuclear fuel. Biomass itself is a renewable energy source because we can always grow more trees and crops‚ and waste will always exist
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and Observation A. Comparison of soaps and detergents 1. Hydrolysis Observation Reaction with blue litmus paper Acetic acid + Red Benzoic acid + Red Sodium Benzoate + Red (+)-miscible (-)-immiscible (red)-acidic (blue)-basic The hydrolysis was tested with acetic acid‚ benzoic acid‚ and sodium benzoate. 2mL water was placed in a test tube and 6 drops of sample was added to each. The mixture was mixed by shaking‚ examined‚ and tested with blue litmus paper. The blue litmus
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Ministry of Agriculture‚ Govt. of India 86‚ Sector -18‚ Institutional Area‚ Gurgaon- 122015 Website: www.novodboard.org Dr. M.S.PUNIA EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR National Oilseeds & Vegetable Oils Development Board‚ (Ministry of Agriculture‚ Govt of India)‚ FOREWORD India stands at sixth place in the world in energy need and overall demand of crude oil which is expected to rise annually by 5.6% upto 2011. The scenario of rising prices in the world oil market and respective foreign exchange cost are the
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Chris CXXXX Organic Chemistry Lab Dr. Lyn XXXX 2 February 2012 Esterification of Isopentyl Alcohol to Isopentyl Acetate Procedure The technique for esterification that was employed in the experiment was to use a reflux apparatus (Figure 1) while heating in order to evaporate out water to drive our reaction into the product favored direction. The starting material of isopentyl alcohol (1.0 mL) and excess glacial acetic acid(1.5 mL‚ 17.6M) were eppendorf pipetted into a 5 mL conical vile. This
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Sentence Outline “Effects of Diet Soda on the Body” I. Introduction A. Attention getter o Diet soda‚ a calorie free‚ carb free‚ fat free beverage. But is it really healthy for you? B. Credibility statement o I know first hand some of the effects diet soda has on the body because I used to drink about 4 of them a day‚ but now I drink them on occasion due to the effects. C. These statement o Diet Soda is not the healthiest alternative to regular soda due to the ingredients and bad side effects it
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Flavor) Paul Symon C. Manuel*‚ Katherine Merene‚ Charlene Mondelo‚ and Pamela Mallari Department of Chemistry‚ University of Santo Tomas‚ Manila‚ Philippines Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize isoamyl acetate via an esterification reaction between acetic acid and isoamyl alcohol‚ using concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The product was washed with sodium hydrogen carbonate‚ as well as with water‚ and then dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The percent yield of
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3 4 5 6 6 7 7 5 2 4 1 3 B. Applying the Chain Length Rule the NUMBERS are called "locators" items in BLUE are called "substituents". the name in RED at the end is called the suffix. 9 7 8 6 5 3-methyl heptane 4 3 This also applies for subsequent substituents‚ if either direction would give the same number. 2 1 The purpose of this sheet is to demonstrate the rules by which alkanes are named. 4-ethyl-6-methylnonane ORDER OF BUSINESS
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