the caffeine and benzoic acid in soft drinks. Introduction Soft drinks that commonly found in our daily life contain caffeine and sodium benzoate. The caffeine act as a stimulant and the sodium benzoate acts as a preservative of soft drink by inhibits grow of bacteria. In this experiment‚ hydrochloric acid is added to all solution to protonate the sodium benzoate to produce benzoic acid. Since the caffeine has no appreciable basicity‚ so it is neutral at pH 2. In this experiment‚ a spectrophotometric
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the chemical compositions 2 - [(6 - deoxy - 2‚3‚4 - tri - O - methyl - α - L - mannopyranosyl)oxy] - 13 - [[5 - dimethylamino) - tetrahydro - 6 - methyl - 2H - pyran - 2 - yl]oxy] - 9 - ethyl - 2‚3‚3a‚5a‚5b‚6‚9‚10‚11‚ 12‚13‚14‚16a‚16b-tetradecahydro-14-methyl-1H-as-Indaceno[3‚2-d]oxacyclododecin-7‚ 15-dione and 2 - [(6 - deoxy - 2‚3‚4 - tri - O - methyl - α - L - mannopyranosyl)oxy] - 13 - [[5 - dimethylamino) - tetrahydro - 6 - methyl - 2H - pyran - 2 - yl] oxy] - 9 - ethyl - 2‚3‚3a‚5a‚5b‚6‚9‚10
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organic product of the following reaction sequence. 16 Answer: 39) What reagent is needed to complete the following transformation? Answer: 40) Provide a detailed‚ stepwise mechanism for the reaction of acetyl chloride with methanol to produce methyl acetate and HCl. Answer:
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TWS Chemistry 1013-231 Organic Chemistry I Name___________________________________ 2011 Exam#2 - Version 2 MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Energy is __________ when bonds are formed and is __________ when bonds are broken; therefore‚ bond dissociation energies are always __________. A) consumed / released / endothermic B) consumed / released / isothermic C) released / consumed / endothermic D) consumed / released / exothermic
Free Chemical reaction Chlorine Organic chemistry
EXAM III CHEM 2211 November 3‚ 2010 NAME: ____________________________________________ Please be certain to answer all questions. Partial credit cannot be given the questions left blank. 1. Give the IUPAC name for the following compound. A) (Z)-2‚3‚6-trimethyl-2-heptene B) (Z)-2‚3‚6-trimethyl-3-heptene C) (E)-2‚3‚6-trimethyl-3-heptene D) (E)-2‚3‚6-trimethyl-2-heptene E) (E)-2‚4‚6-trimethyl-3-heptene 2. Which of the following statements is (are) true about compound A?
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INTRODUCTION – NEED FOR BIO-FUELS The recent upheavals in the oil market leading to record oil prices‚ have again turned the world attention to alternative sources of energy. A number of them are being researched Nuclear energy‚ Hydrogen energy‚ Wind energy‚ Solar energy & Bio-energy. Use of nuclear energy and hydrogen energy for civilian purposes are in very nascent stages. Fuel cells are more promising‚ but they are yet to be put in commercial practice. Wind energy and solar energy
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ABUSE IN DISGUISE Hindustan Unilever –Stealing lives 2011 Sometimes‚ the good things that are meant for the mankind often end up to be the disaster of the same. Factories and companies that were set up in the guise to provide employment and economic stability of thousands of families are often in reality destroy the lives of several thousands and cause irrevocable damage to the lives of the dependant and the environment as a whole. Such evil companies often target the developing world because of
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acid and gas. If the organism is unable to ferment the sugar in the tube‚ there will be no change in the orange/red color of the broth and will be considered alkaline. The following tests that I performed were tests for methyl red and vogues proskauer in SIM media. A positive methyl red test indicates a mixed acid fermentation and would turn the organism’s broth red‚ if no color presents‚ it is negative. A positive vogues proskauer test indicates fermentation to neutral products and will turn the broth
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ammonium chloride‚ sodium acetate trihydrate‚ and sodium carbonate. 2. Test each solution with red and blue litmus paper using a glass stirring rod. 3. Add one drop phenolphthalein to each solution and record observations. Repeat with methyl orange‚ bromcresol green and thymol blue. 4. Clean the well plate.
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Assignment of internship Topic: Drug listing of pharmacy of Quaid-e-Azam international Hospital Submitted to: Dr.Nowsherwan Kiyani and Dr.Asif Submitted By: Sundas Javed Dated: 24july‚2013 Index 1. Vials 2. Ampoules 3. Syrup‚ suspension and elixers 4. Ear drop‚ eye drop and ointment 5. Nutritional Powder 6. Cream paste and ointment 7. Tablet and capsule 8. Fridge item 9. Infusion Vials Brand Name Generic Name Dosage Form Strength Classification Indications
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