chromatogram/spectrum peak report it is shown that there are two retention times of 15.67 and 9.66. The first peak has 9.66 retention time and has one possible match out of the five which is included in appendix 1.The highest match is ecgonidine‚ methyl ester (EDME) with 944 match and a 953 reverse match. EDME is a product of the thermal decomposition of cocaine and has been identified as a likely candidate for the detection of concealed cocaine (Analytical Chemistry 1997). The second peak‚ which
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When butane’s dihedral angle was at 0⁰ and 360‚ the conformations are at an Emax. This means that the two methyl groups are eclipsed. At 60⁰ and 300⁰‚ which have gauche conformations‚ the methyl groups are more shifted and the potential energy difference is 18.2 kj/mol. At 120⁰ and 240⁰‚ eclipsed again‚ the energy rises to -4.6788 kj/mol‚ from its previous -17.721 kj/mol‚ the hydrogens can be found lying on the same plane‚ increasing the energy. Yet‚ the energy is not as high as it is at 0⁰ and 360⁰
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classified as oil- and water-soluble compounds. Oil-soluble compounds include sulfides‚ such as diallyl sulfide (DAS)‚ diallyl disulfide (DADS)‚ diallyl trisulfide and allyl methyl trisulfide‚ dithiins‚ and ajoene. Water-soluble compounds include cysteine derivatives‚ such as S-allyl cysteine (SAC)‚ S-allyl mercaptocysteine (SAMC) and S-methyl cysteine‚ and gamma-glutamyl cysteine derivatives. Oil-soluble sulfur compounds are odorous‚ whereas water-soluble compounds are odorless. Moreover‚ water-soluble compounds
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Fatty acids (FAs) can ultimately be degraded through different pathways which include alpha‚ beta‚ and omega-oxidation. Alpha-oxidation occurs at carbon 2 of the chain‚ b-oxidation at C3‚ and omega-oxidation at methyl end of the fatty acid. The location of each mechanism also differs as alpha- oxidation occurs in peroxisomes only‚ beta-oxidation can take place in both peroxisomes and mitochondria. Omega-oxidation occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum of the various tissues. The importance of the differentiation
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results. All of the following tests were performed on this unknown: 1 Colony Appearance 2 Motility 3 Gram Stain 4 Thyoglycollate aerobic vs. anaerobic 5 Innoculate T soy slant 6 Optimum growth temperature 37o vs. 42o 7 Nitrate test 8 Methyl Red 9 Carbohydrate fermentation 10 Catalase Test 11 Oxidase test
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Quantitative Analysis of Soda Ash by Double Indicator Method Results and Discussion The experiment focuses in the use of double indicator titration in quantitative analysis of soda ash sample. Titration refers to the process of measuring the volume of titrant required to reach the equivalnece point. This method of analysis‚ is based on the chemical reaction aA + bB → products (1) where a is the molecules of the unknown substances to be analyzed or the analyte. Analyte reacts with b molecules
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• The equilibrium law DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM forward A +8 reaction ""r=====~’~ reverse reaction Most chemical reactions do not go to completion. Once some products are formed the reverse reaction can take place to reform the reactants. In a closed system the concentrations of all the reactants and products will eventually become constant. Such a system is said to be in a state of dynamic equilibrium. The forward and reverse reactions continue to occur‚ but at equilibrium
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A potential renewable energy resource development and utilization of biomass energy Abstract I. Introduction II. Biomass resource and its energy value III. Utilization of biomass IV. Prospect of biomass utilization Wang Mengjie & Ding Suzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering Research & Planning Beijing‚ P.R. China. Paper No.9408 Abstract One seventh of total energy consumption is from biomass which is the main energy resource for over 1.5 billion people in the world
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the major difference is that isoborneol has a higher intensity reading from the 1500-1000 wavenumbers. 2). The peaks are different due to the position of the OH. In borenol‚ the OH is in the endo position‚ making it further away from both of the methyl groups‚ this is why they have
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sequence. They differ among tissues and change over throughout the organism’s lifetime. A well-understood example of epigenetic modification is DNA methylation‚ the process by which a methyl group is covalently bonded to cytosine. During DNA replication‚ a specific enzyme recognizes unmethylated daughter CpGs and adds methyl groups to them. Chromatin modification‚ which can occur structurally or chemically‚ is another example of epigenetic activity. As stated above‚ epigenetic modifications control gene
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