European Monetary Union (EMU) is to be effected according to a concrete time schedule - the three-stage plan which was agreed upon in the Maastricht Treaty and the conversion plan which was decided December 1995. To ensure the stability of a single currency‚ especially in the initial phase‚ the states participating in the EMU must satisfy the following convergence criteria as constituted in the Maastricht treaty: 1. Inflation criteria: Price stability with no more than 1.5 percentage points above
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Euro Zone Financial Crisis Summary The European sovereign debt crisis (often referred to as the Euro zone crisis) is an ongoing financial crisis that has made it difficult or impossible for some countries in the euro area to repay or re-finance their government debt without the assistance of third parties. In 1992‚ members of the European Union signed the Maastricht Treaty‚ under which they pledged to limit their deficit spending and debt levels. Many of the member states fail to accompany with
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Case Study Essay – Hedging Currency Risks at AIFS The American Institute for Foreign Study (AIFS) is offering cultural exchange programs for American students and High School pupils throughout the world. Their customers have the possibility to go abroad while the AIFS organises the whole trip for them. Due to their business model the revenues of the company are denominated only in USD‚ since the offer is for American students who pay in USD. Meanwhile the costs of the company is mostly denominated
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Functional Areas of Business: The Role of a Manager MGT/521 August 3‚ 2013 Dr. Dulcelina Stahl An organization as a whole is to be divided into specific functions to allow managers to focus consistently on certain aspects of the business to keep it running effectively while functioning efficiently. Organizations are typically broken into four main functional areas: finance and accounts‚ human resources‚ customer services‚ marketing‚ and sales. These functional
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INTERMEDIATE TERM FINANCING Intermediate term financing refers to borrowing with repayment schedules of more than one year but less than ten years. In contrast ‘short –term financing has a repayment schedule of less than one year‚ while long-term financing matures in ten years or longer. ADVANTAGES OF INTERMEDIATE TERM FINANCING Intermediate term financing offers the following advantages to the firm; 1. It provides a useful alternative when the firm is unable to continue expanding assets with
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the job market is good‚ the choice to do so would also have negative effects. Defining an educational path for students would affect ones freedom to dream‚ develop a loss of educators and students‚ and create a continual change of job prospects. Financing college and creating long term debt are concerns for a lot of high school graduates. In some cases students barely manage to make it through those developing years. For someone that does not do well with studying or associating with others‚ college
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Introduction: The Optimum currency areas theory is the seminal contributions developed by Mundell (1961)‚ it attempts to answer a question under which conditions a certain country would like to join a fixed exchange rates system. According to Krugman (2000)‚ if the monetary efficiency gain of one country exceeds its economic stability loss‚ the country will wish to join a monetary union/ a fixed exchange rate system. In this paper‚ the theory of optimum currency areas will be analysed in part
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SAMPLE MGT 600 EXAM QUESTIONS‚ Fall 2011 Your examination will consist of two types of questions – short-answer (worth 40%) and application (worth 60%) essays. The type of short-answer questions you may see are given below…. Sample Short-Answer Questions: 1. How might self-efficacy impact the Pygmalion Effect? Explain. 2. What is meant by internal and external equity and how is each achieved in organizations? 3. Differentiate between (a) content‚ and (b) process theories of
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Should the UK adopt the Euro? The movement from the sterling to the euro has been debate for a number of years. The transition has been overlooked in many factors including the economy‚ politics and sovereignty. There have been various views by many political bodies for and against the change over to the euro. ‘Joining the euro would almost certainly mean better conditions for businesses considering long-term investment in Britain.’ (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/3008201.stm). From the
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AIFS Case Finance in a Global Environment Rochester Institute of Technology Group 4 Mengjie Ban Liu Gu Danielle Sherwood Bill Speight Mohamed Waheed Summary The American Institute for Foreign Study‚ also known as AIFS‚ is a student exchange organization that specializes in academic and cultural exchange programs for both college and high school students. The AIFS was founded by Sir Cyril Taylor in 1964‚ in the United States‚ and is split into two divisions: the Study Abroad College
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