B.Sc. First Year Semester – I Paper I .Fundamentals of Microbiology Credit - 1 1 Scope & relevance of Microbiology i) ii) iii) Definition & concepts Types of microorganism Distribution of microorganisms in nature 2. Development of Microbiology as a Scientific Discipline 1.1 History i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) Credit – 2 Early observation of microorganisms Spontaneous generation conflict : Contribution of scientists Recognition of the microbial role in diseases. Koch’s postulates Recognition of microbial
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Helicobacter Pylori Amanda Soto Mandl School Microbiology Dr. Mohammed April 1‚ 2013 Helicobacter Pylori Helicobacter Pylori (H. Pylori)‚ is a spiral shaped bacterium commonly found in the stomach. The shape of the bacteria and the way it moves allows it to penetrate the mucous lining of the stomach. They are very due to the help of their flagella. H. Pylori can also attach itself to stomach cells causing gastritis and stimulating the production of stomach acid. Over time inflammation
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compared among each other to determine the strongest germicide. Antibiotics are produced by microbes to inhibit growth of other microbes. Some antibiotics inhibit cell wall synthesis such as penicillin‚ cephalosporin‚ glycopeptide. Some antibiotics inhibit cytoplasmic membrane synthesis such as polymyxin B‚ colistin. Some antibiotics inhibit nucleic acid synthesis such as
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The following show expected colony appearances and morphologies (shapes) of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Note characteristics such as edges‚ color‚ and whether the colonies are rough or smooth in texture. For colony appearances of E. coli and S. aureus‚ scientists often describe what they look like on agar. This is not the microscopic view (for example‚ as with a slide) but a “naked eye” view of how the bacterial colonies look while growing on a medium. (This is one type of culture
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2.) Bacilli ● They can also occur in chains (streptobacillus) ● They are spherical in shape 3.) Spirilla ● They are spiral in shape Bioremediation ● “Oil-eating bacteria” ● Scientists at University of the PhilippinesDiliman’s Molecular Microbiology Laboratory have identified a number of bacteria which can help solve the problem of oil spills in oceans and seas through this technology. These are Pseudomonas aeruginosa‚ Acinetobacter baumanii‚ Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus‚ Bordetella bronchiseptica
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environmental science and health. Part C‚ Environmental carcinogenesis & ecotoxicology reviews. 2010;28(3):147. 3. Saleh S‚ Haddadin RNS‚ Baillie S‚ Collier PJ. Triclosan–an update. Letters in applied microbiology. 4. Schweizer HP. Triclosan: a widely used biocide and its link to antibiotics. FEMS Microbiology Letters. 2001;202(1):1–7.
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Bacterial Smears Are Fixed before Staining to? Answer It is important to heat fix the bacterial smear before staining so as to‚ kill the bacteria‚ firmly adhere the smear on to the microscopic slide to prevent washing off during staining‚ and to allow the sample to readily take up the stain. Reference: www2.hendrix.edu What is the purpose of heat- fixing the smear? It helps the cells adhere to the slide so that they can be stained. The purpose of heat fixing is to kill the organisms without
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us in the fight against other microbes. In human and veterinary medicine‚ that are used to treat and prevent infectious diseases‚ microbes are a source of antibiotics and vaccines. + Antibiotics are substances produced by microorganisms that kill or inhibit other microbes. They are used in the treatment of infectious disease. Antibiotics are produced in nature by molds such as Penicillium and bacteria such as Streptomyces and Bacillus. + Vaccines are substances derived from microorganisms and
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TAQ1 Definition of Pathogen and research into the main features of bacteria‚ protozoa‚ fungi and viruses. Pathogens‚ or infectious agents‚ are microorganisms that cause disease or illness to their host. There are divided into four groups; bacteria‚ protozoa‚ fungi and viruses. The term pathogen most often describes an organism that disrupts the normal physiology of a plant or animal. In identifying a pathogen it is important to determine the properties that ‘contribute to its infectious
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Anti-bacterial property of Duhat (Syzgium Cumini) Bark extract John Francis M. Vicera January‚ 2012 Ms. Santiago Abstract Humans especially for those who live in dirty community are prone to get disease such as cholera‚ diarrhea‚ fever and many more because there is an unseen specimen called bacteria. Bacteria such as e-coli and staphylococcus are the most common bacteria that can cause illness to mankind. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) 3 out of 10 people are infected by bacteria
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