Ch. 1 Prokaryotes = bacteria ‚ archaea Eukaryotes = Fungi‚ protozoa ‚ algae (Growth:: Mitosis有絲分裂) Bacterial cell → Bacillus(rodlike) ‚ cocus (spherical)‚ spiral (curved) *P.S. 有時會star-shaped or square → 出現既形式: pairs‚ chains‚ clusters cell walls of bacteria → peptidoglycan (carbohydrate & protein complex) cell walls of plant and algal cell → cellulose Growth::Binary fission = bacteria reproduce by dividing into two equal cells bacteria 吸收nutrients from dead / living organisms/ photosynthesis
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* Microbiology: Study of microorganisms Most microorganisms are pathogenicFalse The majority of bacteria are harmless True Total number of bacterial species: about 10 million to a billion What is a microorganism? An organism or virus too small to be seen without a microscope. (Smaller than 0.5 mm) Ex: Bacteria‚ Fungi‚ Protozoa‚ Algae‚ and Viruses Microbiom: collection of microbes Human cells vs. Microbial cells = 1:10 Which statement about Michaelangelo is not correct? A. He was
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Service - Our Responsibility Water and Sewerage Authority (WASA) was established by an Act of Parliament in 1965 to manage the water and sewerage sector of Trinidad and Tobago. An essential component of this mandate is the delivery of a safe‚ reliable and efficient water supply to satisfy the demand of all sectors of the economy. Whilst over the ensuing years there has been a steady increase in demand‚ there has not been the commensurate investment in infrastructure and the identification of alternative
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Review Questions 1. Which type of S. pneumoniae strain is the most virulent‚ encapsulated or unencapsulated? 2. What allows S. pneumoniae to adhere to cell walls‚ phosphorylcholine or polysaccharide? 3. Which infections are most commonly caused by S. pneumoniae‚ arthritis & peritonitis or meningitis & bacteremia? both 4. What can society do to help protect itself from antimicrobial resistance‚ increase or decrease antimicrobial usage? Decrease usage 1. Staphylococcus aureus‚
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Mixed Economic System A mixed economy is an economic system in which both the private sector and state direct the economy‚ reflecting characteristics of both market economies and planned economies. Most mixed economies can be described as market economies with strong regulatory oversight and governmental provision of public goods. Some mixed economies also feature a variety of state-run enterprises. A mixed economic system (also known as a Dual Economy) is just like it sounds (a combination of economic
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Increasing evidence suggests that the alarming rise in allergic and autoimmune disorders during the past few decades is at least partly attributable to our lack of exposure to microorganisms that once covered our food and us. As nature’s blanket‚ the potentially pathogenic and benign microorganisms associated with the dirt that once covered every aspect of our preindustrial day guaranteed a time-honored co-evolutionary process that established “normal” background levels and kept our bodies from overreacting
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Open Reading Frames * (ORFs) are regions with no stop codons. All genes reside in long open reading frames * Note that stop codons in other reading frames have no effect on the gene. * Can be searched in the genome sequence. Valid only for prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes. Protein Sequencing vs. DNA sequencing * We compare protein sequences‚ not DNA‚ because protein is more conserved in evolution than DNA * The organism’s survival depends on the protein being
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Contributors to Microbiology Pioneers of Microbiology I. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (Oct. 24‚ 1632- Aug. 30‚ 1723) A. In 1676 Leeuwenhoek saw tiny organisms in water‚ he was the first man to observe and describe bacteria accurately. He discovered microscopic nematodes‚ blood cells and sperm. He also made over 500 microscopes to view specific objects. B. Microbiology is concerned with the study of all forms of life that are too small to be seen with the naked eye. Antonie’s work
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Unknown Microorganism: #5 Report Callie Schalk Microbiology Professor Quave November 24‚ 2015 The unknown microorganism #5 is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It can survive in a variety of environments and at temperatures found in clinical settings (Murray et al‚ 1999). Clinical setting is referring to temperatures such as those in the hospital environment. P. aeruginosa can also survive in aqueous environments. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is found at several different sources. Nosocomial
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March 22‚ 2013 Everyones IQ “Mixed Blood” by Jeffrey M. Fish‚ is an article with demonstrates the cultural basis of race by comparing how races are defined in the North America (U.S)‚ Africa and Brazil primarily. As defined by Fish in America‚ a person’s race is determined not by how he or she looks‚ but by his or her heritage. This paper will explore the topics that Fish talks about‚ in relation‚ to classification of races. In this article Fish emphasizes on the fact that race is not a biologically
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