Antibiotics are rapidly becoming useless and we are forced to deal with the problems of the post antibiotic era. Our current state is urgent to say the least‚ the entire CDC urgent threat list is filled with a wide range of multi-resistant bacteria. Clostridium difficile is the first on the list‚ it is gram-positive and erupts from the distribution of normal colon bacteria. The on set primarily starts by taking antibiotics‚ because Clostridium difficile is immune to nearly all antibiotics. Second
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The Results from the Gram positive tests indicated that the unknown #4 was Streptococcus pyogenes. All seven tests on the unknown matched S. pyogenes perfectly. The blood agar plate proved the unknown to be β hemolytic‚ meaning the unknown bacteria was capable of complete hemolysis. This test separated the unknown into the β Streptococcus group‚ narrowing the possible bacteria to S. aureus or S. pyogenes. The Catalase test was used to determine if the unknown could break down hydrogen peroxide
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Pertussis is a disease caused by Bordetella pertussis is a gram-negative‚ aerobic‚ pathogenic‚ encapsulated coccobacillus of the genus Bordetella that produces endotoxins and exotoxins. This bacterial infection is found in the lower respiratory tract and is commonly referred to as Whooping Cough. Whooping cough is highly contagious. Classic symptoms include fever and cold like symptoms followed by paroxysmal coughing episodes that leave the infected person gasping for breath with a characteristic
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Main text. Questions. Page 3. 1. What does e.coli stand for? E.coli stands for Escherichia coli. 2. What are the symptoms associated with E.coli bacterial infection? The symptoms are diarrhea‚pain‚cramping‚nausea and vomiting. 3. give a detailed comparison of the levels of the e.coli bacteria over the five week period as given above. Page 4. 4. What could possible reasons
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CELL DIVISION Important Formula #1 In case of animal cells‚ cytokinesis takes place through cell furrow (centripetal). Cytokinesis takes place in plants by the formation of cell plate (centrifugal). Important Formula #2 Meiosis causes reduction chromosome number‚ so it is also known as reduction division. CELL RESPIRATION Important Formula #1 For oxidative phosphorylation‚ 2.5 ATP are produced per NADH and 1.5ATP per FADH2. (Approx.) Important Formula #2 Non-germinating live seeds and
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General Santos Doctors’ Medical School Foundation‚ Inc. North Osmena‚ Bulaong‚ General Santos City THE ANTISEPTIC EFFECT OF MORINGA OLEIFERA‚ AMOXICILLIN AND PENICILLIN TO STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS BACTERIA Partial Fulfillment Submitted to: Shayne Joie Pabustan Jennylyn Mabelle Abalayan Cinderella Genes Ana Marie Delas Llagas Gilliane Shielu Curaza Submitted to: Shiela Mae Bolero February 26‚ 2013 CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING This chapter informs the reader
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1.4.1. Safety Aspects of Probiotics Today‚ there are evidences that probiotic strains used as commercial bacteria are safe to use in applications. The safety of the probiotic products is appraised with the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics and the statistics of used microorganisms (Çakır 2003). Safety aspects of probiotic bacteria include the following requirements. 1. Strains for human use are preferred to be human origin. 2. They are isolated from healthy human gastrointestinal tract. 3
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Preparation of the propolis extracts: the propolis sample of the Brazilian native bee species Melipona quadrifasciata was obtained in May‚ 2013 in the city of Blumenau‚ SC‚ Brazil (26 ° 54’21.3 "S 49 ° 04’49.1 "W). In order to obtain a hydroalcoholic crude extract (HCE)‚ 284.3 grams of propolis were pulverized and macerated in 70% ethanol (m m-1)‚ left in a dark chamber for 7 days at room temperature‚ filtered in vacuum and taken to complete drying in a rotary evaporator with reduced pressure. In
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Motivation A limited amount of information is available on the feeding behavior of Nassarius kraussianus. Laboratory experiments will be executed to determine the snails feeding rates as well as how certain factors such as temperature‚ food type and light levels affect these rates. The feeding rate and feeding behavior can provide beneficial information for future studies that might inevitably be needed for ecological models or to understand what makes N. kraussianus such a successful species. Literature
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Immunosuppression: Immunosuppression was performed by giving the animals synthetic corticosteroids (dexamethasone) orally at a dose of 0.25 mg/g/day for 14 successive days prior to inoculation with Cryptosporidium oocysts (Rehg et al.‚ 1988). The mice continued to receive dexamethasone at the same dose throughout the experiment. The oocysts: Oocysts of Cryptosporidium were obtained from naturally infected calves from slaughter houses by collection of scrapings of the ileal mucous membrane and cecal
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