satisfy all of our wants * Faced with scarcity we must choose among available alternatives * Trade offs * Incentive: Reward that encourages and action or penalty that discourages * Microeconomics: Choices of: * Individuals * Businesses * The way these choices interact in markets and the influence of the government * Macroeconomics: * Study of the performance of the national economy and the global economy * E.g. Why did incomes in South Africa grow rapidly between
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Market Failure Market failure can be defined as give full play to the market mechanism but still cannot achieve social welfare maximization. Market failure was caused by the free market fails to allocated resources in an optimum and efficient manner. Type of market failure can be divided into three types; there are externalities‚ public goods and non-competitive behavior. Externalities is part of the interests of people’s economic behavior cannot be classified for their own enjoyment of‚ or part
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I. MICROECONOMIC Micro-environment is preferred as ‘the operating system’ which includes the forces that has significant impacts on and can affect the organization’s ability to operate and serve its customer (Chaffey et al‚ 2009). This is influenced by the need of customers and how services are provided to them through the competitors‚ marketing intermediaries‚ and suppliers within the marketplace (Chaffey et al‚ 2009). 1. Customer Airasia provides to its customers the basic flight carrier
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SUBJECT NAME : MICROECONOMICS SUBJECT CODE : BEC1001 ACADEMIC YEAR : AY 2012/2013‚ OCT SEMESTER “By submitting this work‚ we are declaring that we are the originators of this work and that all other original sources used in this work have been appropriately acknowledged. We understand that plagiarism is the act of taking and using the whole or any part of another person’s work and presenting it as our own without proper acknowledgement. We also
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there are increasing returns to scale‚ then average costs are a decreasing function of output. 8. Since a monopoly makes excess profits beyond the normal rate of return on investment‚ an investor is likely to get a higher rate of return in the stock market by investing in monopolistic rather than competitive industries. 9. A Stackelberg leader will necessarily make at least as much profit as he would if he acted as a Cournot oligopolist. 10. Dominant strategy equilibrium is a set of choices such that
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Fundamentals of Microeconomics In the world today product and services are both key to the survival of mankind. Depending on the demand from consumers‚ companies will see an increase or decrease of the items they produce or the service rendered. In the article of trends in US gasoline and ethanol use and petroleum production and imports these items will be looked at; as well as a discussion of the fundamentals of microeconomics. First‚ in order to understand what the fundamentals of microeconomics are
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furniture in the market because demand on furniture will decrease due to this tax. This statement is false: because since a tax was imposed on furniture production in an economy (x) it will increase the price of furniture in the market Statement (3): An flood in the cotton-growing regions in Australia will lower the prices of cotton because demand on cotton decreases. This statement is false because a flood will higher the price of cotton‚ there well be shortage in the market of cotton
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3. Consider the market for minivans. For each of the events listed here‚ identify which of the determinants of demand or supply are affected‚ also indicate whether demand or supply increases or decreases. Then draw the diagram to show the effect on the past and quantity of minivans A. People decide to have more children. Answer: It is expected to have more children‚ and household spending will increase‚ demand will reduce household wagon. From the supply point of view‚ due to population increases
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Practice Test # 3 Useful formulas/expressions: (1) MPC = ∆ C / ∆ DI or ∆ C / ∆ YD & MPC + MPS = 1 (2) Exp. Multiplier = 1/(1-MPC) ∆GDP = Exp Mult. * ∆AE (3) Δ AE = Δ Income * MPC (4) DD Multiplier = 1/rrr ∆DD = DD Mult. * ∆Reserves Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. Long-run full-employment equilibrium assumes: a. a downward-sloping production function. b. a downward-sloping long-run supply curve (LRAS)
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interdependence‚ oligopoly firms have big relative to the market and they interdependence in making decision. The number of competitor is less and any oligopoly firms changes in the price and other economic factors or marketing strategy ‚it will affect the change in competitor firm. So the firms must attention about the other competitor change in the industry and also need to think over the market demand and cost of its product. In oligopoly market no one can ignore the reaction of another firms so they
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