IB/AP Economics Unit 1 Introduction to Economics Introduction to Economics AP and IB Economics Unit 1 Definitions of social science and economics Definitions of microeconomics and macroeconomics Definitions of growth‚ development and sustainable development Positive and normative concepts Ceteris paribus Scarcity • factors of production: land‚ labor‚ capital and management/entrepreneurship • payments to factors of production: rent‚ wages‚ interest‚ profit Choice Utility: basic definition Opportunity
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Should the Federal Tax on gasoline increase to help pay for public transportation and road improvements? Gas companies shouldn’t raise their taxes based on the need for money for public transportation because many citizens who live in the U.S. use public transportation instead of buying gas. By them not having to buy gas that will cause those who don’t use public transportation to be forced to pay for something that they don’t use. While doing so those who use the public transportation may reap
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I True or false.（2points*10） 1. If Good 1 is on the horizontal axis and Good 2 is on the vertical axis‚ then an increase in the price of Good 1 will not change the horizontal intercept of the budget line. 2. Henrietta’s utility function is U(x1‚ x2) = x1x2. She has diminishing marginal rate of substitution between goods 1 and 2. 3. Other things being equal‚ a lump sum tax is at least as good for a consumer as a sales tax that collects the same revenue from him. 4. Sharon spends all of her income
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retail bank overcomes the limitations of thirty-year-old "legacy" microeconomics systems to launch a high-tech operation that offers its customers a complete range of banking services over the telephone. Another bank is able to roll out‚ within three months of an acquisition‚ information systems that deliver the same level of service to all customers at all branches‚ new and old. (Richard 2002‚ 177) For these companies‚ Microeconomics has genuinely become an enabler of change that boosts competitive
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COMPETITION IN THE RETAIL GASOLINE INDUSTRY by Jedidiah Brewer _________________ A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2007 UMI Number: 3288772 UMI Microform 3288772 Copyright 2008 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under
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Section A a. Explain the concept of dominant strategy equilibrium. 1. http://tuvalu.santafe.edu/~jkchoi/game4.pdf 2. http://econweb.umd.edu/~borowitz/dominant_strategy_equilibrium.pdf b. Discuss the concept of Nash equilibrium. 1.http://www.economics.utoronto.ca/osborne/igt/nash.pdf 2. http://www.columbia.edu/~rs328/NashEquilibrium.pdf c. Is every dominant strategy equilibrium a Nash equilibrium? 1. http://economics.fundamentalfinance.com/game-theory/nash-equilibrium
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Chapter -1 1. The study of microeconomics includes the study of - Output and employment growth as markets expand in reaction to a rising price level in the economy. - Business investment and government spending in the marketplace. - The number of new jobs and income created as the economy grows. - How firms‚ workers‚ consumers‚ and investors interact and make decisions in the marketplace. Microeconomics is the study of the behavior of individual economic units: consumers‚ firms‚ workers
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MICROECONOMICS CHAPTER 1 The Market Economy What is to be done? —Lenin When future historians look back on the close of the 20th century‚ one of the most sweeping changes they will note is the collapse of centrally planned economies in Eastern Europe. It is not far off to say that the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union was won not by the armies of the United States and its allies‚ but by the productive power of Western market economies. Mikhail Gorbachev‚ then leader of the Soviet
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Microeconomics study guide Chapter 6 Notes: Firms and Production A firm converts inputs into outputs What firms want: 1. Profit : π = R - C 2. efficient production to maximize π -efficient production alone is not sufficient to ensure a firm’s π is maximized How they are organized 1. information exchange 2. incentives for workers Production Function q = f(L‚K) relationship b/w quantities of inputs used & max quantity of output that can be produced given current knowledge about
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SUBJECT NAME : MICROECONOMICS SUBJECT CODE : BEC1001 ACADEMIC YEAR : AY 2012/2013‚ OCT SEMESTER “By submitting this work‚ we are declaring that we are the originators of this work and that all other original sources used in this work have been appropriately acknowledged. We understand that plagiarism is the act of taking and using the whole or any part of another person’s work and presenting it as our own without proper acknowledgement. We also
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