` Study Guide for Exam 1 Chapter 1: 1. What is a “microbe”? What groups of organisms are included in this category? Microbes (microorganisms) are minute living things that individually are too small to be seen with the unaided eye the group includes bacteria‚ fungi‚ protozoa‚ and microscopic algae‚ viruses Only minority of microorganisms are pathogenic(disease-producing) 2. What are some of the benefits provided by microbes? Decompose organic waste‚ producers in the ecosystem
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How would you convince a friend that microorganisms are more than just disease causing agents? An entire kingdom of microorganisms was brought into life 3 billion years ago. Since then «the earth is a fundamentally a microbial planet‚ to which the micro-organisms are recent the relatively unimportant additions» (Wheelis‚ Mark‚ Principles of modern microbiology‚ 2008‚ p.1). The term microorganisms consist of bacteria‚ archaea‚ fungi‚ and protest‚ which can either be unicellular or multicellular
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Microbial Diversity and Ubiquity Microorganisms are microscopic organisms that are so small that that they can only be visualized by the aid of a compound-brightfield microscope. While we generally cannot see individual microorganisms with the naked eye‚ they are present in virtually every habitat known to man. Microorganisms can be prokaryotic—the bacteria or eukaryotic—the algae‚ protozoa or fungi. While viruses are acellular they are also studied in the scope of microbiology because
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media 3. Z-streak - is a technique used to isolate a pure strain from a single species of microorganism‚ often bacteria 4. Selective media – a growth medium or culture medium is a liquid or gel designed to support the growth of microorganisms or cells‚ or small plant 5. Differential media -are used to isolate or identify particular organisms. 6. Microaerophiles - A microaerophile is a microorganism that requires oxygen to survive‚ 7. Aerobic - relating to‚ involving‚ or requiring free
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infection. Parasites – worms‚ malaria‚ trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) 2.3 Describe what is meant by infection and colonisation. Infection – is an invasion to body tissues from a disease- caused microorganism. Colonisation – is multiplication of microorganisms without tissue invasion or damage. 2.4 Explain what is meant by “systemic infection and localized infection” Systemic – is when infection is distributed throughout the whole body. Localized – is when infection
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them. Bactericide: An agent that kills bacteria. Most do not kill Endospores. Sporicide: An agent that kills spores. Definition STERILIZATION The process of freeing an article from microorganisms including their spores. By definition‚ it effects a reduction in the number of microorganisms (more than 99.9999% are killed). Methods of Sterilisation Microbial Control Methods Physical Agents Chemical Agents Mechanical Remova Methods Physical Agents Heat Radiation
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laboratories in order to detect the presence of microorganisms. There are Rodac Method‚ Swab Method‚ Rinse Method‚ and lastly Open Dish Method and it will be discussed in detail below. 2.1.1 Rodac Method The purpose of this Standard Operating Procedure is to describe a program that will adequately measure the efficacy of disinfection of Rooms and equipment in each laboratory‚ RODAC plates can detect the presence or absence of live microorganisms (Longrée and Armbruster 1996). This Method is used
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1.1 & 1.2 To start this unit I will be discussing about the differences between bacteria‚ viruses‚ fungi and parasites. Bacteria: These are tiny microorganisms‚ they cannot be seen with the naked eye. They exist on virtually every living thing or object in the environment i.e. dirt‚ water‚ caves‚ trees‚ dead animals‚ and within everybody living on earth. Its nutrition is from its surroundings. We carry bacteria in the body‚ mainly in the intestines‚ on the genitalia or on the skin. Bacteria can
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and nutrition. Yet‚ because of the highly nutritious content‚ food is susceptible to growth of microorganisms. By the presence of microorganisms in food‚ the food is more likely to have shorter shelf life. Thus‚ mostly it is resolved by the addition of antimicrobial substances to food‚ such as condiments and preservatives. Condiments and preservatives could inhibit the growth of microorganisms or even destroyed them‚ as they have antimicrobial agents. Some examples of condiments and preservatives
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SOIL USED IN THE TREATMENT OF BACTERIAL DIARRHOEA 3 ABSTRACT 3 LITERATURE REVIEW 3 OBJECTIVES OF STUDY 4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 4 METHOD(S) 4 Wet preparation microscopy 4 Gram stain 4 Culturing 4 MATERIALS TO BE USED 5 Microorganisms known to cause diarrhoea 5 Other material 5 Wet preparation microscopy 5 Gram stain 6 Culture 6 Biochemical tests 6 Glass ware 7 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS 7 SAMPLING COLLECTION 7 SAMPLE ANALYSIS METHODS 8 EVALUATION OF RESULTS
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