Introduction Food science is a field embodying the application of modern science and engineering to the production‚ processing‚ diversification‚ preservation and utilization of food. Food is very essential to man’s survival and great attention should be paid to food production‚ distribution‚ wholesomeness and preservation. To ensure that food is clean and safe for human consumption and having keeping quality‚ food scientists are responsible in seeing that the crop harvested‚ the fish caught‚ that
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Are Caused By Pathogens Pathogens are microorganisms that cause diseases are called pathogens. They are specialised to infect the human body tissues where they reproduce and cause damage that gives rise to the symptoms of the infection although this may happen the body is very good at repairing itself as the body fights back by mobilising its immune system to fight of the infection. Infection is an invasion by a multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms in a bodily part or tissue which may produce
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of results that are in line with the literature. Introduction Bacteria vary greatly in terms of their characteristics and morphology. Colonies can be classified according to their colour‚ form‚ elevation‚ margin and size. Pure cultures of microorganisms are those that are uniform and are of the same descendants of the same organism. The isolation of colonies by streak plate technique allows the obtainment of pure cultures which can be studied further. Good quality aseptic technique and proper
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Causes and Spread of Infection Unit 22 ICO2 Q1 1.1 * Bacteria are unicellular‚ prolcaryotic microorganism found almost in all kinds of habits. Some bacteria are beneficial like those involved in nitrogen fixation and some pathogenic‚ which causes diseases. * Viruses are unicellular‚ tiny organisms which are mostly composed of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) and protein. Its body compromises of head and tail sections. Viruses attach themselves to other organisms and severe infectious diseases
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ecosystem is out of balance‚ oxygen depletion can occur. A water based ecosystem is made up a multitude of living organisms‚ including microorganisms. A natural balance of “healthy” and “unhealthy” microorganisms keeps the water based ecosystem thriving. When that ecosystem is thrown off balance‚ the “healthy” microorganisms are outnumbered by the “unhealthy” microorganisms‚ which cause a depletion of oxygen within the water and releases gasses such as sulfides or ammonia. With a wide variety of types
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ICO2: Causes and spread of infection 1.1 Bactetria are: Bacteria are organisms made up of just one cell. They are capable of multiplying by themselves‚ as they have the power to divide into different shapes. Their shapes vary‚ and that’s how they are used to separate them into groups. Usually a few micrometres in length. Bacteria are present in most surroundings on the planet‚ growing in soil‚ acidic hot springs‚ radioactive waste‚ water‚ and deep in the Earth’s crust‚ as well as in organic
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Introduction The main purpose of root canal treatment is the elimination of microorganism from root canal system (1‚2). Microorganisms and their byproducts are regarded as the primary etiological factors of periapical diseases and pulpal necrosis (3‚4‚5). Microbial reduction obtained by mechanical instrumentation‚ irrigation‚ using intracanal medicaments and adequate filling of root canal (6). Failure of the root canal treatment is the result of persisting microorgansims in the root canal system
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to antibiotic purchase. What is Antibiotic Resistance? Antibiotic resistance is a form of drug resistance which occurs when a particular microorganism survives an exposure to one or more antibiotics. Once a microorganism has grown “immune” or resistant to the antibiotic‚ future doses of the same substance would not have any effect on the target microorganism
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factors (hurdles) that any microorganisms present should not be able to overcome. These hurdles may be temperature‚ water activity (a‚)‚ pH‚ redox potential‚ preservatives‚ and so on. It requites a certain amount of effort from a microfganism to overcome each hurdle. The ’higher" the hurdle‚ the greater the effort (i.e. the larger the number of orgenisms needed to overeome it). Some hurdles‚ like pasteurization‚ can be high for a large number of different types of microorganisms whereas others‚ like salt
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protect our water? Wastewater treatment plants: * Remove solids‚ everything from rags and plastics to sand and smaller particles found in wastewater; * Reduce organic matter and pollutants--naturally occurring helpful bacteria and other microorganisms consume organic matter in wastewater and are then separated from the water; and‚ * Restore oxygen--the treatment process ensures that the water put back into our rivers or lakes has enough oxygen to support life. Where does wastewater
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