Biology 2020 Microbiology Study Guide for first exam The history and scope of microbiology 1) What are the organisms/entities of study in the field of microbiology? * Bacteria * Archaea * Eukarya * Viruses and Prions (Acellular entities) 2) Who was the first human to publish extensive descriptions of microorganisms? * Antony van Leeuwenhoek 3) How did Louis Pasteur dismantle the theory of spontaneous generation in bacteria? * Swan neck flask experiment: Flask
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SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS Basic Science Process Skills: 1. Observing - using your senses to gather information about an object or event. It is description of what was actually perceived. This information is considered qualitative data. 2. Measuring - using standard measures or estimations to describe specific dimensions of an object or event. This information is considered quantitative data. 3. Inferring - formulating assumptions or possible explanations based upon observations. 4
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crossover frequency? e) Procedure e.i) Circular dishes were cut into four sections‚ the tan types were placed diagonally from each other and the wild types were placed diagonally from each other e.ii) Cross over frequencies were examined under a microscope and the order of asci that occurred (2:2:2:2‚ 2:4:2‚ 4:4) were recorded 2) Methods a) Set up a.i) The crossing over was set up using four samples of two different types of Sordaria (tan and wild) a.ii) All tools that were used were sanitized
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Benedict’s test‚ the solution inside of the bag (glucose)‚ was originally clear‚ but after the Benedict’s test turned a strong orange color‚ finally ending with a final color of dark blue-black. In experiment 5.2 while observing the ox blood under the microscope the cells underwent either lysis or shriveled up. When observing the Elodea cells in distilled water and separately in salt water‚ the appearance and condition of the cell drastically changed. When the Elodea cell was placed into the distilled water
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the solution of the water is hypertonic meaning there is a higher concentration of solutes outside of the cell. To test my prediction my lab partners conducted the Brownian movement. Materials: Bon Ami scouring powder‚ carmine red and Indian ink Microscope slides and cover slip Dropper bottles with distilled water Spatulas
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I truly agree with is that the discovery by Edward Jenner was timely as small pox is now a thing of the past and the many deaths associated with the disease are now forgotten. However‚ refusing to give even bigger credit to the discovery of the microscope by Janssen and Hans. Louis Pasteur is one of the fathers of modern medicine. Without his work and discoveries in the field of microbiology it is doubtful that we would have the world we have today. His work identified the causes of many diseases
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observed the cell(actually the cell walls) in the slice of cork under his compound microscope ‚coined the term cell‚ recorded his observations in micrographic. What is the contribution of Anton Von Leewenhoek to biology? 1)Obsevation of live cells of baacteria and protozoans called them as animal cules in 1667. 2)Discovery of Electron Microscope. First microscope which perfects the techniques of grinding microscope(bacteria). What is the contribution of Rudolf Virchow? Rudolf Virchow in 1885
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REFRACTION THROUGH A LENS Lens: Lens is a transparent refracting medium bounded by two curved surface which are generally spherical. Types of lens: Generally there are two types of lens: 1. Convex lens: It is a lens which is thicker at the middle and thinner at the edges. It is also called converging lens as the light rays converges on passing through it at a point. Focal length of convex lens is taken as positive. 2. Concave lens: it is a lens which is thicker at the edges and thinner at the middle
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wash the dye off the unstained cells. Finally‚ a red dye called safranin was used to stain any gram-negative cells present so that they were visible. Once the gram stain procedure was complete‚ the gram-positive bacteria appeared purple under a microscope while gram-negative cells appear pink or red. The purpose of this lab was to differentiate bacteria based on the cell wall and to differentiate whether the bacteria was gram-positive or gram-negative. Gram-negative bacteria do not retain the violet
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DNA molecules with the help of specialized microscopes‚ Wilkins and other scientists have given way to the discovery and deepening of the three-dimensional structure of DNA. Wilkin’s ambition and desire for knowledge led him to investigate more into the aspects of DNA looking for its functioning and profound understanding. Along with Rosalind Franklin and James Watson‚ under an analysis and research project‚ DNA structure was observed through microscopes‚ spectrophotometers‚ and highly clear x-rays
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