In 1965‚ Stanley Milgram conducted an experiment which mainly focused on the severity of the electric shock that a person would be willing to administer to another person based on the directions that were given by an authority figure (Milgram‚ 1965). The researchers who were apart of this study expected anyone who participated would go beyond 150 volts shock point. The “victim” stated they no longer wanted to participate in the experiment. In 1965‚ Milgram reported that this study had a high level
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Conformity and Obedience. In order to answer the question it is first necessary to define conformity and obedience. According to Woods‚ (2001 p. 107): ‘ We often adjust our actions or opinions so that they fit in well with those of other people. This is known as social conformity ......’ And Gross‚ (2001 pg.392) stated that: Obedience is affected by direction (from somebody in higher authority). This essay will explore circumstances in which we are likely to conform;
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Similarity #1. Participants in both studies had a difficult time ending their participation‚ and most continued all the way until the end. The reasons for this were similar in both studies. Similarity #2. Both Milgram and Zimbardo stated reported the effects of personality differences were very limited. For Zimbardo‚ the only personality characteristic that seemed to have any effect was authoritarianism; and this characteristic was important only for prisoner behavior. Those prisoners who were
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Stanly Milgram’s and Philip Zimbardo’s had similar results‚ both showing how humans obey authority. Milgram studied obedient on authority. Zimbardo studied why guards and prisoner play that role in prison. The Milgram and Zimbardo experiments showed how humans are so obedient that we are capable of hurting innocent people if ordered to do so. The study of obedience‚ conducted by Milgram‚ was to test how the subject would obey when ordered by the experimenter to adminater a shock to another human
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Obedience Some of the darkest times in history have resulted from passive obedience‚ not from large acts of violence. Howard Zinn‚ a social activist‚ once stated “Historically‚ the most terrible things – war‚ genocide‚ and slavery – have resulted not from disobedience‚ but from obedience.” In many instances‚ leaders or dictators have taken over a specific group of people and caused them to obey their commands by frightening them with authority. Obedience appears as the main cause of war‚ genocide
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In society‚ authority and its rules are respected by people in the community through acts of obedience. Authority is not only the government laws‚ but can also be people with a higher status‚ such as parents‚ teachers‚ or employment managers. As long as people obey those with authoritative power‚ they will receive rewards‚ or at least avoid punishment‚ even when the command requires unjust actions towards another person. For example‚ Hitler’s propaganda that made the Germans believe that the Jews
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1) “Milgrams`s research is of no value because it was conducted in a laboratory” Discuss the methodological difficulties faced by social psychologists conducting research in a laboratory (5 marks) |Have you? Please tick. | | | |Made your point
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Milgram (1963) Past-paper Questions 1. In the Milgram study on obedience‚ the subjects were observed to show a lot of tension. a. Give one example of the behaviour of the subjects that indicated extreme tension. (2) Any one from: Fidgeting‚ agitation‚ asking if learner was being harmed‚ trying to stop‚ pausing. b. Milgram suggested that the tension was caused by the conflicts produced by the study. Outline one of these conflicts. (2) One
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Social influence is defined as individual mental process (conviction‚ perception‚ thought‚ reaction) and behaviour are being changed in a social group interaction Milgram’s experiment is to study the effect of obedience to authority. Study was performed to determine what factors influenced people to submit to authority and to what extent people conform an order against their conscience despite knowing it causes distress and harm to another person. McLeod‚ S. (1970). 40 male participants between
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Conformity and Obedience The desire to be accepted and belong to a group is an undeniable human need. But how does this need affect an individual? Social psychologists have conducted numerous experiments and concluded that‚ through various forms of social influence‚ groups can change their members ’ thoughts‚ feelings‚ and behavior. In her essay "Group Minds‚" Doris Lessing discusses our paradoxical ability to call ourselves individuals and our inability to realize that groups define
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