are duty based and consequentialist perspectives. The theory of duty-based or Deontological ethics states that we are morally obligated to act in accordance with a certain set of principles and rules regardless of the results that follow. The Consequentialist or as it is otherwise known “Utilitarian” approach to ethics‚ is based on the assumption that the ultimate goal of all human activity is happiness. For a utilitarian to make a correct decision‚ all aspects of a situation must be examined in order
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appropriateness of a course of action (Arrigo‚ 2006). It presents classical theory as an overarching ethical principle that could be applied in solving moral ethical issues. In this case‚ classical ethics will be used in analyzing unethical orders in the military. This means that different perspectives of moral issues will be discussed through the introduction of relativism‚ emotive and ethical egoism. Utilitarianism Utilitarianism favors a course of action that facilitates happiness. It can be considered
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On the four deontological systems that we have discussed‚ I would like to share my thoughts about the Kantian Deontological System. Kantian Ethics is formulated by Immanuel Kant in which he discussed that the nature of duty is based on human reason. For him‚ human reason‚ not human nature‚ can determine what is right and wrong. He also stressed that human desires are not the right measurement for ethics. In addition‚ Kantian Ethics is known for its two kinds of command or imperative: the hypothetical
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The underlying principle of utilitarian theory is it seeks to punish offenders to discourage or deter future unlawful activity. However‚ the retributive theory seeks to punish offenders because they deserve to be punished (Net Industries‚ 2014). The utilitarian theory recognizes that punishment has penalties for both the offender and society. It holds that the total good created by the punishment should go beyond the entirety of evil; meaning punishment should not be unlimited. For example‚ releasing
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many dilemmas to evaluate. While analyzing it with my peers‚ it was common to find a consensus on one aspect‚ only to have it raise questions on another. On the other hand‚ Bernard Williams uses “Jim and the Indians” as an argument against the Utilitarian Approach (276)‚ however‚ most of the people I discussed it with defaulted to that very
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The average civilian or recruit coming into the Army often misunderstands the meaning of the words military discipline. He thinks of them as being connected with punishments or reprimands which may result from the violation of some military law or regulation. Actually‚ discipline should not be something new to you for you have been disciplined all of your life. You were being disciplined at home and in school when you were taught obedience to your parents and teachers‚ and respect for the rights
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This assignment will provide an overview of the main justifications for punishment and essentially discuss the moral and political arguments for and against punishment. A constant theme that will run throughout will be the Utilitarian philosophy of punishment. Utilitarianism is forward-looking and therefore seeks to prevent the reoccurrence of crime. This is generally achieved through Deterrence‚ Rehabilitation and Incapacitation with all too some extent playing a vital role in the criminal justice
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Utilitarians have a very divided viewpoint on how situations should be approached in society. In that viewpoint there is a lot of variability from one situation to another. In this paper the topic of utilitarianism and what a utilitarian would do when placed in a situation of euthanasia is going to be discussed. With the general belief being each person has the same weight in creating happiness towards the situation what is best. Utilitarians often have to analyze many aspects to ensure they are
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Explanation of the Utilitarian Ethical Theory There are many different ethical approaches that deal with the morality issues we face every day‚ but the utilitarian approach holds the feeling of morally belonging to a group and the lack of individualism that many others carry. It also can be a very cold approach for those who belong to the minority in a society. This is because the principle of utility says that “we ought to do that which produces the greatest amount of happiness or pleasure for
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punishment. Utilitarian and retributive is considered to be two philosophies based on the theories of punishment. For example‚ researchers stated that utilitarian theory of sentence seeks to punish and prevent criminals to do more harm‚ however‚ the retributive theory believed that criminals deserved to faced criminal charges (Punishment - Theories of Punishment‚ 2016). Some philosophers believed that the United States laws can be demonstrated as happiness of society under the utilitarian theories.
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