Colligative Properties The Physical Properties of Solutions Colligative Properties • There are 3 colligative or physical properties of solutions that you should know. They are Vapor pressure Boiling point elevation Freezing point depression Osmotic pressure is one you don’t need to worry about. 1. 2. 3. 4. Molality • Molality measures the moles of solute dissolved in the mass (kg) of solvent. • Molality normally expresses concentrations of colloids. • m = moles solute kg solvent
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National Institute of Geological Sciences Laboratory in Principles of Geology Geology 11.1 Laboratory Manual Name: _____________________ Student #: ___________________ Section: ____________________ Copyright © 2003 National Institute of Geological Sciences. All rights reserved. National Institute of Geological Sciences Laboratory in Principles of Geology Representing the Surface of the Earth Objectives To be able to interpret the data represented on a map To be able to identify
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familiar with the actual documents that will be tested: these are available on the LMS. Question 1. Refer to the provisions from the Sale of Land Act 1962 (Vic) (See below). If Andrew buys a piece of land in Western Australia‚ would the Sale of Land Act 1962 (Vic) be relevant? Question 2. Refer to the provisions from the Sale of Land Act 1962 (Vic). Suppose that‚ on Monday 4th March 2002 Barbara signs a contract to buy an apartment by private sale in Parkville (close to Melbourne University) for $125
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The downside to the remarkable invention of the steam engine is the actual steam itself. At the end of a cycle‚ the steam use to move pistons and drive the cycle must be released as exhaust. This translates into a high-temperature‚ high-pressure vapor (with a high heat of condensation) effusing at high speeds. If a human limb or digit gets in the way of this potent jet‚ it means sure destruction of the epidermis‚ papillary dermis‚ and even reticular dermis portions of the skin. In layman’s terms
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occurs at the saturation temperature of the fluid. It occurs at a solid/liquid interface due to convection heat transfer from the solid and usually occurs at surface temperatures higher than the saturation temperature of the fluid Agitation of fluid by vapor bubbles provides large convection coefficients Modified Newton’s law of cooling qs’’ h Ts Tsat Te • • • BOILING – CLASSIFICATON – Pool Boiling - the liquid is quiescent and its motion near the surface is due to free convection and mixing
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1) 0.069 mol MgSO4/ 0.015 mol H2O = 4.6 = 5 Formulae for hydrated MgSO4 = MgSO4 5H2O 2) There are at least two reasons why heating to find percentage of water in hydrated crystals is not recommended for all hydrates. The first reason is that some hydrates have such a strong bond with the water that not all of it will be able to be removed. The second reason is that different hydrates have their own mass. Depending on the mass and type of hydrate‚ some of the molecule may be burned off from heating
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MIXTURES‚ SOLUTIONS‚ SUSPENSIONS AND COLLOIDS MIXTURES A mixture is a combination made up of two or more different substances which are mixed but are not chemically bonded. There are also types of mixtures such as homogeneous mixtures and heterogeneous mixtures. SOLUTIONS A solution is defined as a homogeneous mixture composed of a solute; a substance dissolved into another substance known as a solvent. They can also be defined as groups of molecules that are mixed up completely in even
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swab/petri dish. 2. The sterilized cotton swabs are first made damp using sterilized water. The swabs are rubbed in the following 5 places and then rolled and rubbed in the petri dishes: A: Rub the swab on the pass-code for the main entrance of the school and then roll it over the agar in petri dish A. B: Rub the swab on the door handle in room 3.1 and then
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1 Cough & Cold Brand. It created the cough & cold Over-the-Counter (OTC) category in India way back in 1952 and has led the category till date. Today it has completed almost 60 years in India. Its current portfolio in India comprises Vicks Vapor‚ Vicks Cough Drops‚ Vicks Action 500 Extra‚ Vicks Inhaler and Vicks VapoCool. Vicks has been rated as the #1 cough & cold brand trusted by doctors. The Vicks business in India is the biggest in the ASEAN-Australasia-India (AAI) region and the
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with a magnetic stirrer. A simple distillation set up was installed with a 250mL round bottom flask‚ jack‚ stirrer‚ heating mantle‚ and variac. The solution was heated gently with a small heating mantle to distill the crude product while keeping the vapor temperature around 100C or less. The crude product was collected which contained water‚ 4-methylcyclohexene‚ and trace acid. D. Questions: 1. Outline a mechanism for the dehydration of 4-methylcyclohexanol catalyzed by phosphoric acid. 2. What
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