APPLICATION FORM & INSTRUCTIONS – JANUARY‚ 2014 The Indira Gandhi National Open University established by an Act of Parliament in 1985 has emerged as a World leader in Open and Distance Education. The University offers a variety of academic programmes at Certificate‚ Diploma‚ Undergraduate‚ Post Graduate and Doctoral levels covering various areas of knowledge. These programmes are offered through Schools of Studies located at the IGNOU Headquarter at Delhi. The delivery of academic programmes
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THE ROLE OF CONSUMER PROTECTION AGENCY AND THE JUDICIARY ON CONSUMER PROTECTION A consumer can be defined as someone who acquires goods or services for direct use or ownership rather than for resale or use in production and manufacturing. Consumer protection consists of laws and organizations designed to ensure the rights of consumers as well as fair trade competition and the free flow of truthful information in the marketplace. The laws are designed to prevent businesses that engage in fraud
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Minorities and our constitution: Historical Approach and its present relevance: Though Indian society has been plural from ancient times‚ the minority problem faced as faced by the framers of the Constitution is widely believed to be the creation of the colonial regime. The plural Indian society has various groups – ethnic‚ religious and linguistic. They used to live harmoniously together with broad cultural unity. Even Islam co-existed with Hinduism. However‚ the British rule made a qualitative
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Contents: 1. Interpretation and Analysis of the topic 1.a) Trade Secret :Definition 1.b) Intellectual Property Rights: An overview 2. Approach towards the study 1.a) Examining current laws in India 1.b) Analysis of international laws 1.c) TRIPS 1.d) Reference case studies for further analysis 3. Literature to be reviewed 4. Web References and Bibliography 1. Interpretation and Analysis of the topic 1.a) Trade Secret: Definition A trade secret is a process
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capitalist market economy‚ companies are a familiar part of everyday life. Companies own supermarkets‚ supply water‚ gas‚ electricity and petroleum products we are depending on. They publish the newspapers and provide our Internet services. We deal with companies so often as purchasers and users of their products and services that the image ‘company’ brings to mind is usually of an organisation concerned with marketing and collecting payment for products which the company has made (or bought in) or
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states sovereign power and the rights of minorities which international law has been extremely succinct about which affirms the commitment of international actors and policy makers to human dignity. From the year 1990 to 1995 there was an attempt to strike this much needed balance between sovereignty and national minority rights by the Organization for Security in Europe and the Council for Europe. These two organizations saw the need to have national minorities given a say in the running of the affairs
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The equal protection clause limits American governments by ensuring that they do not discriminate against people based on their race‚ national origin‚ gender or other status. In the case of Plyler v. Doe‚ the Supreme Court struck down a law prohibiting state funding for children of illegal immigrants. The court stated‚ “The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution is not confined to the protection of citizens.” Governments cannot discriminate‚ even if the people in question are not citizens.
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personal injury protection. PIP is extended car insurance that’s available in some states in the U.S. The coverage is usually for medical expenses. Sometimes‚ the insurance will cover lost wages due to an accident and other damages. This type of insurance is to cover people in an accident regardless of the person to blame. Usually‚ someone makes a claim on their own insurance. Depending on the laws in the state‚ someone may make a claim on your PIP insurance. Depending on state laws‚ personal injury
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Japanese-Americans as a Minority Japanese-Americans are a minority group consisting of people with ethnic ties to the archipelago of Japan‚ in eastern Asia. According to Pew Research Center (2012)‚ there were approximately 1‚304‚286 Japanese-Americans living in the United States in 2011. With the overall trend of Asian-American populations rising (Pew Research Center‚ 2012)‚ this number has certainly gone up‚ especially due to‚ according to Toji (2003)‚ those with mixed ancestry. Japanese-Americans
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Protecting and Preserving Our Environment Our planet Earth is dying. This is a fact that we are experiencing‚ caused by our own behaviors. The term “dying’’ is true‚ because our lifestyle is causing serious damage to the environment and might lead to the termination of humanity if those actions are not stopped. We all share a role in protecting and preserving our environment because it is the primary and the only place for us to live and develop new generations. We all are consumers‚ but there
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