Lymphatic System. Digestive System The alimentary canal. Endocrine System The ductless glands. Excretory System How we get rid of waste- in urinary system. Integumentary System The skin Muscular System The muscles. Nervous System The brain‚ spinal cord‚ and nerves. Reproductive System The sex glands and structures. Respiratory System The lungs‚ nose‚ and breathing. Skeletal System The bones. Urinary System The kidneys‚ bladder‚ and ducts or Excretory System. Anatomical Position Body
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irregularly shaped bones. They are situated in the foot and in the ankle area. Metatarsals – The metatarsals are used to connect the phalanges to the tarsals. They are found in the foot. Vertebral column – The vertebral column is more commonly known as the spinal column. It’s mainly used for protection of the spinal cord. It also provides stiffening for the body and attachment for the pectoral and pelvic girdles. Cervical – The cervical is the vertebrae of the neck. The first two are known as the Atlas
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Directions Rostral/Anterior – toward the head of a fourlegged animal Caudal/Posterior – toward the tail Inferior/Ventral – toward the belly Superior/Dorsal – toward the back Neuraxis – an imaginary line that runs the length of the spinal cord to the front of the brain Midline – an imaginary line dividing the body into two equal halves Ipsilateral – directional term referring to structures on the same side of midline Contralateral – opposite side of the midline
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read up on the condition while you make an appointment with your doctor. Definition A herniated disk is also referred to as a “slipped disk” or “ruptured disk.” Those disks in reference are the rubbery circular pads found between the spaces of your spinal vertebrae‚ which act as a shock absorber when you bend or curve your back. Each disk has a soft‚ jelly-like center that cushions the nerves within the spine. When a disk dislocation occurs‚ the jelly center of the disk is pushed out through a crack
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fossil record *Craniates- hagfish and vertebrates THE PHYLUM CHORDATA: THE BIG FOUR It is falling into two categories: a. lacks vertebral columns (invertebrates) b.with vertebral columns(vertebrates) Protochordates- a dichotomy which is composed of marine animals which is not midway invertebrates and vertebrates -they do not have vertebral column but they share vertebrate characteristics‚ the four morphological features Four Morphological Features: a. notochord b. dorsal hollow CNS
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(Myelomeningocele) Spina Bifida is one of the most common birth defects in the world. According to N. Scott Adzick‚ MD‚ and other members of CHOP’s Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment team‚ it occurs when the spinal cord does not properly close before birth. That means that the spinal cord is exposed to amniotic fluid during fetal life. Amniotic fluid is the watery fluid within the innermost membrane that encloses the embryo and surrounds the fetus throughout pregnancy. Amniotic fluid is also
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Reticulospinal Tract The reticulospinal tract is a motor pathway that originates from the reticular formation‚ primarily in the pons and medulla‚ and synapses in the spinal cord. In the reticular formation‚ the reticulospinal tract surfaces from the pontine caudal reticular nucleus and gigantocellular reticular nucleus. The reticulospinal tract is responsible for postural control and autonomic function like initiation of locomotion via innervation of motor neurons into the trunk and proximal limb
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Meningitis What is Meningitis? • The __________________ of the meanings • Meninges: the membranes that cover the ________ and spinal cord Types of Meningitis • Bacterial meningitis: o Life threatening if not treated within 48 hours but is very rare. o There are many small stands of bacterial meningitis. o Most serious is _____________meningitis‚ causes septicimia. • Viral meningitis: most common and not serious. Mistaken for common _____.
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22 SPINAL ANAESTHESIA SPINAL CORD ANATOMY VERTEBRAE Vertebral column is central bony pillar of the body. It is composed of 33 vertebrae; 7 cervical‚ 12 thoracic‚ 5 lumbar‚ 5 sacral and 4 coccygeal. Sacral hiatus is th th formed because of incomplete 5 and sometime 4 sacral laminae. A typical vertebra consists of a rounded body anteriorly and a vertebral arch posteriorly (arch consists of two pedicles and two laminae). The vertebral arch encloses the vertebral canal through which the spinal cord
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Forrest Edwards‚ D.C.‚ D.A.B.C.O. in Hoover is the condition of sciatica. This sudden onset disorder of the spinal column affects as many as 40% of the world at some point in their life‚ and is a leading cause for patients to seek chiropractic assistance. Sciatica is a very uncomfortable condition‚ where the pain caused is not only present in the lower back‚ but will
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