system consists of the brain‚ spinal cord‚ and nerves. 2. The afferent nervous system consists of all outgoing motor pathways. 4. Ependymal cells engulf and destroy microbes and cellular debris in inflamed or degenerating brain tissue. 5. Oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths around nerve fibers in the CNS. 6. Nerve fibers with many Schwann cells forming a thick myelin sheath are called myelinated fibers‚ or gray fibers. 8. Most of the neurons in the brain and spinal cord are unipolar. 9. In a
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surgeons perform a laparotomy (an incision across the mother’s abdomen)‚ the uterus is opened and the baby’s back is rotated into view. A pediatric neurosurgeon removes the MMC sac‚ if one is present‚ and closes skin over the defect to protect the spinal cord from exposure to the amniotic fluid. The uterus and the abdominal incision are then closed. A maternal-fetal medicine specialist performs sterile intraoperative ultrasound to map the position of the placenta and the fetus‚ and a fetal cardiologist
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the world around us. So much hinges on the existence of these cells that even different schools can agree upon their existence. A nerve cell‚ also known as a neuron‚ is defined as “Any of the impulse conducting cells that constitute the brain‚ spinal column and nerves‚ consisting of a nucleated cell body with one or more dendrites and a single axon.” (thefreedictionary.com.) the dictionary defines an axon as “the long portion of a neuron that conducts impulses away from the body of the cell. Also
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FOR EACH ACTION Scapular (Shoulder Girdle) Actions: Elevation: upward movement (shoulder shrug) Depression: downward movement (return from shoulder shrug) Abduction: (protraction) away from the vertebral column – baseball stretch Adduction: (retraction) toward vertebral column – pinching shoulder blades together Upward Rotation: scapula’s inferior angle moving away from midline – raising arms Downward Rotation: scapula’s inferior angle towards midline – return from raising arms ELEVATION
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NERVOUS SYSTEM The nervous system consists of the brain‚ spinal cord‚ sensory organs‚ and all of the nerves that connect these organs with the rest of the body. Together‚ these organs are responsible for the control of the body and communication among its parts. The brain and spinal cord form the control center known as the central nervous system (CNS)‚ where information is evaluated and decisions made. The sensory nerves and sense organs of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) monitor conditions
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t Actions * Flexion: decrease in joint angle from anatomical postion (bend elbow‚ flexing forearm) * Extension: return to anatomical position from flexion * Abduction: away from body * Adduction: return of body to anatomical position * Rotation: circular * Lateral: anterior surface to lateral side * Medial: anterior surface to medial side * Circumduction: conical shape * Protraction: horizontal movement in anterior direction (jaw forward) * Retraction:
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brain and spinal cord (CNS: central nervous system) • CNS processes this information‚ relates it to past experiences‚ and determines appropriate response • CNS issues commands to muscles and gland cells to carry out such a response 12-3 Overview of the Nervous System • Two major subdivisions of nervous system – Central nervous system (CNS) • Brain and spinal cord enclosed by cranium and vertebral column – Peripheral nervous system (PNS) • All the nervous system except the brain and spinal cord; composed
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muscle / gland (1 mark) (Total: 9 marks) 2. (a) Central nervous system (1 mark) (b) brain (1 mark) (c) spinal cord (1 mark) (d) spinal nerves (1 mark) (Total: 4 marks) B. Fill in the blanks 1. (a) synapse (b) neurotransmitter (1 mark each) (Total: 2 marks) 16.3 Central nervous system A. Fill in the blanks 1. (a) cranium (b) vertebral column (c) meninges (d) cerebrospinal fluid (e) nourishing the neurones (f) protecting the brain from mechanical
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diseases‚ you should do some research and make an appointment with your doctor because it can cause permeant damage to your body if you do not take action. A herniated disk is a condition‚ which refers to a problem with the rubbery disk between the spinal bones. Symptoms that are associated with this disease include back pain‚ foot numbness or hand numbness. Degenerative Disk disease is osteoarthritis of the spine‚ usually in the neck or lower back. Pain in the legs‚ thighs‚ and buttocks‚ nerve injury
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Chapter 6 The Skeletal System: Bones and Joints PART I * A born baby has about 276 bones while an adult has 206 bones‚ this is because as you grow some bones join together in a single bone. * Bones are 20% of your weight. * The Skeletal System consist of: * Bones * Cartilages * Tendons * Ligaments * Joints * Functions of the skeletal system -bones perform various anatomic (mechanical) & physiologic function. They: 1. Stabilize‚ provide shape & support the
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