COST CONCEPTS AND COST ACCOUNTING By: Aman Jawahar Sarika Deepak Muneer CONTENTS Concept of Cost Cost Accounting Terms in Cost Accounting Elements of Cost Meaning of Overheads Classification of Costs Methods of Costing Types of Costing MEANING: Cost Concept: The term ‘cost’ means the amount of expenses [actual or notional] incurred on or attributable to specified thing or activity. Cost means ‘the price paid for something’. Cost Accounting: Cost Accounting is concerned with recording
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Per capita income as a measure of prosperity Per capita income is often used as average income‚ a measure of the wealth of the population of a nation‚ particularly in comparison to other nations. Per capita income is often used to measure a country’s standard of living. It is usually expressed in terms of a commonly used international currency such as the Euro or United States dollar‚ and is useful because it is widely known‚ easily calculated from readily-available GDP and population estimates
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types of mindsets‚ a fixed mindset and‚ a growth mindset. Our mindsets change if we want them to. We need to be aware of the thoughts we have about ourselves. What does your inner voice sound like? If you are negative in your thoughts about yourself
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cash basis accounting and accrual basis accounting. While both are effective‚ most businesses choose accrual basis accounting because cash basis accounting is not an acceptable form of accounting under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). However a small business may still elect to use this method. (Nobles‚ Mattison‚ Matsumura. 134) Cash basis accounting only records cash transactions‚ which gives little insight to the true financial position of a business. Where as‚ accrual basis accounting
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Fixed Income Securities Chapter 2 Basics of Fixed Income Securities Problem Set (light version of the exercises in the text) Q3. You are given the following data on different rates with the same maturity (1.5 years)‚ but quoted on a different basis and different compounding frequencies: • Continuously compounded rate: 2.00% annualized rate • Continuously compounded return on maturity: 3.00% • Annually compounded rate: 2.10% annualized rate • Semi-annually compounded rate: 2.01% annualized
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volume (units) 10‚000 8‚000 6‚000 4‚000 Selling Price $15.00 $18.00 $20.00 $22.00 Materials/unit $4.00 $5.00 $6.00 $7.00 DLH/unit 0.24 0.18 0.12 0.08 Total DHL 2‚400 1‚440 720 320 4880 Plant overhead $122‚000 D/L rate/hour $30 Youngstown has a traditional cost system. It calculates a plant-wide overhead rate by dividing total overhead costs by total direct labor hours. Assume‚ for the calculations below‚ that plant overhead is a committed (fixed) cost during
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Chapter 4 The Chemical Basis of Life Introduction Your body is an elaborate chemical system. Chemical signals between brain less enable your mind to understand what you see. You nourish those cells with chemicals that are obtained from food. Life is all about chemicals and how they interact Concept 4.1 Life requires about 25 chemical elements Elements Humans and other organisms are examples of matter. Matter: Anything that occupies space and has mass. (Physical
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40‚000 | | 100‚000 | | 404 | | | | 20‚000 | 20‚000 | 40‚000 | | 405 | | | | | 20‚000 | 20‚000 | | Total | 90‚000 | 120‚000 | 90‚000 | 60‚000 | 40‚000 | 400‚000 | 2 Physical Measures Method | Produced | Proportion | Joint Cost Allocation | Unit Cost | 401 | 90‚000 | (90‚000/400‚000)0.225 or 22.5% | (200‚000 x 0.225)45‚000 | (45‚000/90‚000)0.5 | 402 | 120‚000 | (120‚000/400‚000)0.3 or 30% | (200‚000 x 0.3)60‚000 | (60‚000/120‚000)0.5 | 403 | 90‚000 | (90‚000/400‚000)0.225 or 22.5%
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This paper attempted to examine the effect of winning percentage of NFL teams on attendance from 2008 to 2014 by employing the fixed effects model. According to our results‚ we can conclude that teams that win more do indeed enjoy higher game attendance. This result is what we expected‚ and it confirm the results of previous research by Spenner‚ Fenn‚ & Crooker (2010). Moreover‚ game attendance however is not purely a matter of the teams winning percentage; other factors play an important role as
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98297‚ part (c)‚ the d(1.5) = 0.95998 and part (d)‚ the d(2.0) = 0.92998 Therefore‚ the fair price of a Treasury Bond issue with a 3.5% coupon bond maturing on 15 January 2015 is $99.77 3. If the market price of the above bond is $1 (per face of $100) less than the fair price‚ determine an arbitrage strategy that you could use to profit from this mispricing. Answer: In order to determine an arbitrage strategy that we could use to profit from this mispricing‚ we will construct
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