distribution of phenotypes. Distribution selection takes place when an extreme phenotype is favored‚ and the distribution curve shifts in that direction. Antibiotic resistant bacteria are an example of directional selection. When an antibiotic is used‚ some bacteria may survive causing it to produce bacteria that is resistant to that antibiotic. Disruptive selection occurs when two or more extreme phenotypes are favored over an intermediate phenotype. An example would be a bird with a large beak
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Anthrax It’s hard to find a person that does not enjoy biting into a nice juicy steak‚ a hamburger‚ or even his or her mother’s meatloaf. Next time you take a bite into those delicious cattle you might want to take something into consideration. Anthrax‚ which is a life threatening disease that affects sheep‚ cattle‚ horses‚ and goats‚ can be transmitted to a human from a simple bite of infected meat. This disease comes in three different varieties including Cutaneous‚ Gastrointestinal‚ and Inhalation
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Fleming’s discovery of penicillin while examining a stray mold in his London laboratory in 1928‚ and its eventual development by Howard Florey and Ernst Chain at Oxford University‚ created a major break through to another world of antibiotics and medicine. Antibiotics like penicillin have become the most important family of drugs of this era. During the 1940’s (World War 2) penicillin became a life saving drug to thousands of soldier’s‚ it also defeated a major bacterial scourges such as blood poisoning
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Clostridium difficile Babe Ruth 06/23/2011 Microbiology Clostridium difficile I. What is Clostridium difficile and why is it relevant to us? A.“Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is a bacterium that may develop due to the prolonged use of antibiotics during healthcare treatments.” 1 B. “Clostridium difficile is an obligate anaerobe or microaerophilic‚ gram-positive‚ spore- forming‚ rod-shaped bacillus.” 2 II. What are the signs and symptoms of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI)? A. C. difficile
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treatment of pimples than antibiotics such as clindamycin.[4]Nicotinamide (vitamin B3) is not an antibiotic and has no side-effects typically associated with antibiotics. It has the added advantage of reducing skin hyperpigmentation which results in pimple scars.[5] Severe acne usually indicates the necessity of prescription medication to treat the pimples. Prescription medications used to treat acne and pimples include isotretinoin‚ which is a retinoid. Historically‚ antibiotics such as tetracyclines
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Viruses can infect all types of cells including plant‚ animal‚ protozoa‚ fungi‚ and bacteria. Virus composition is unique and does not resemble a living cell because they only contain the necessary parts to enter and leave an infected cell. A virus is a minute parasite (10 to 100 times smaller than bacteria) that is unable to reproduce by itself; however‚ once it infects a vulnerable cell a virus can make the cell’s inner workings produce viruses on its behalf. Viruses typically have either RNA
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penicillin. By as early as 1952‚ as much as three-fifths of all staph infections were penicillin resistant. Various steps were taken so as to continue the use of antibiotics. New antibiotics are constantly being sought for this reason. Other approaches include using combination of antibiotics and changing the chemical structure of antibiotics in the laboratory so that all of slightly different properties. These attempts have all been tried and have been successful‚ but unfortunately‚ the bacteria are
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Food intolerances and sensitivities can cause diarrhoea if someone has trouble digesting certain ingredients or ingest excessive amounts of certain types of sugar substitutes. Medicines‚ such as cancer drugs‚ antacids containing magnesium and antibiotics can also cause diarrhoea. Gastroenteritis is a bowel infection which most commonly causes diarrhoea within the community. Gastrointestinal tract infections are caused by the transmission of gastrointestinal pathogens via a fecal- oral route into
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based on age and some predisposing features. All therapies are antibiotic treatments because this is a very serious disease and treatment should begin immediately. Treatments for relief of symptoms can include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and anti-convulsant agents but it should be noted that the therapies will not cure the infection and antibiotics should always be the foundation of bacterial meningitis treatment. Antibiotic treatment would be the most effective at resolving the infection
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Microbiology Abstract: The purpose of this lab was to use the Kirby-Bauer method to test the sensitivity of Staphylococcus epidermis of specific areas on a petri dish. The antibiotics were gentamicin‚ novobiacin‚ and penicillin. This resembled a culture and sensitivity test that is preformed at the hospital’s laboratory to find out the resistance of a microorganism. This experiment was meant to use the naked eye and a magnifying glass when necessary. Procedures: This experiment called for prepared
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