Prior to creation as a modern state in 1947‚ the area of modern Pakistan was both ruled by local kings and under various imperial power throughout different time periods. The ancient history of the region comprising present-day Pakistan also includes some of the oldest empires from the subcontinent[1] and some of its major civilizations.[2][3][4][5] By the 18th century the land was incorporated into British India. The political history of the nation began with the birth of the All India Muslim League in
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Was Harappan Civilisation in the Indus Valley a state-level society like contemporary Mesopotamia and Egypt? “It is time to view the archaeological data for what it is and not what one thinks it is” * Shaffer 1982 The above statement by Shaffer summarises my view that although there is a possibility of Harappan Civilization (3rd millennium BC) in the Indus Valley being a state-level society‚ like contemporary Mesopotamia and Egypt‚ the lack of concrete written and archaeological evidence
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Global History Timeline 7800 BCE First traces of agriculture found along the Jordan River Valley‚ plants had adapted to agriculture (Traces of cultivated rice found in China around the same time) 5500 BCE First origins of Chinese Civilization‚ centered along the yellow river. Cultivation of soy beans and domestication of pigs by the local population 5000 BCE - First agriculture in Mexico‚ corn and beans. - Domestication of the donkey in Egypt. 4500 BCE First agriculture along the eastern
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GOVERNMENT‚ SOCIETY & BUSINESS A Paper on “India’s Glorious Past” Submitted by‚ Dhanya Ann Roy F13025 Section A ECONOMIC HISTORY OF INDIA The known Indian Economy starts with the Indus Valley Civilization also known as the “Harappan Civilization”. It is estimated by experts that the society existed between 3300 and 1700 BC. The people of Indus Valley rather made deals instead of war and began with the domestication of animals and developed multi-dimensional economy
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feel proud as an Indian. Some of them are : 1 .Indian culture is the best in the world The very word culture started from the country India. When the people of today’s developed nations were wandering like nomadic‚ Indians built Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro‚ the first ever planned city of the world. India is the home to four major religions of the world. The first epic of the world was written in India. Sanskrit‚ according to a major group of linguistics is considered as the mother of all European
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INTRODUCTION: "India was the motherland of our race and Sanskrit the mother of Europe’s languages. India was the mother of our philosophy‚ of much of our mathematics‚ of the ideals embodied in Christianity... of self-government and democracy. In many ways‚ Mother India is the mother of us all." - Will Durant‚ American Historian 1885-1981 Mathematics is an important field of study. Mathematics is essential as it helps in developing lots of realistic skills‚ in fact study of mathematics itself include
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Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley civilizations have long been compared throughout history and were both some of the earliest civilizations in the world. Mesopotamia‚ also known as‚ ’the land between the rivers‚’ was named for the triangular area between the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers. This area has been extended and now covers modern day Iraq‚ adding ancient Assyria and Babylonia to that land. The Indus civilization is often referred to as the Harappan civilization from the first city discovered
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Chapter One Notes Before Civilization (Circa Lorraine) Culture: constituted by learned patterns of action and expression FOOD GATHERING AND STONE TECHNOLOGY Stone tool-making first appeared around 2 million years ago Stone Age Lasted from 2 million to about 4‚000 years ago Misleading label: bone‚ skin and wood just survive poorly Paleolithic = Old Stone Age Neolithic = New Stone Age Foundations of science‚ art‚ and religion begin here May have believed in afterlife In game-rich areas
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archaeologists that studied the Indus Valley‚ found that the civilization was highly organized and larger than any other ancient empire‚ including those of Egypt and Mesopotamia. The two major cities and cultural centers of this civilization were Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa. These cities were built like modern cities‚ with streets at right angles‚ brick houses with bathrooms‚ sewer system‚ and a water supply system. The Indus Valley citizens depended on agriculture. The main crops were wheat‚ barley
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1 1 location of Mesopotamian civilization 2 2 Language and literature of Mesopotamia 3 3 Mathematics and astronomy 4 4 Economy and agriculture 5 5 Architecture 6 6 Introduction to harappan civilization 7 7 Writing system of Harappa 8 8 Authority and governance 9 9 Trade and transport 10 10 Collapse and later harappan civilization 11 11 Historical context and linguistic affiliation 12 12 My learning 13 13 Bibliography 14 14 Gallery Location of the Mesopotamian Civilization Mesopotamia encompasses
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