Transformation in bacteria is the genotype alteration by the uptake of naked‚ foreign DNA from the environment. This concept of transformation was first discovered when Fred Griffith an experiment using mice and strains of pneumonia. Griffith concluded that a “principle” was transferred from heat-killed S strains to the R strains‚ which transformed them into deadly S strains. Oswald Avery later determined‚ through a series of experiments‚ that DNA was the “principle” that caused the R stains to become
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1. How does the process of gel electrophoresis separate DNA fragments? It uses an electric current to separate different-sized molecules in a porous‚ sponge-like matrix. 2. What is the purpose of the agarose gel? It is used to separate DNA molecules that range in different lengths. 3. What is the purpose of adding blue “tracking” dye to the DNA samples? The blue tracking dye is added to help load the samples easily and helps able to see the DNA moving through the gel. 4. Explain why DNA has
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In conclusion‚ the original sample was used to collect different amounts of fraction. The original sample was Spirulina‚ which was spun down in a centrifuge before using. This process helps to separate the proteins from the tissues. Table 1 shows the amount of fraction collected from each sample. Based off the collected fractions‚ there is a larger quantity of yellow fraction present than the blue fraction. The yellow fraction remained in the filter for a longer period of time than the blue fraction
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The journey to becoming a marine biologist is one that is embarked with hard work and keen determination. When I boarded on this journey as a student majoring in marine biology‚ I have always been fascinated by ocean exploration and how new scientific discoveries have revolutionized around it. I also live with great enthusiasm for conducting oceanic research‚ and I have always envisioned myself using scientific instruments and modern day technologies to conduct such research. The Ocean and Climate
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AP BIOLOGY CELL UNIT ACTIVITY #5 NAME_____________________ DATE___________HOUR_____ CELL TRANSPORT MEMBRANE PROPERTIES PASSIVE TRANSPORT CHARACTERISTICS: DIFFUSION: Cell Unit Activity #5 page 1 OSMOSIS : ISOTONIC ANIMAL CELLS Cell Unit Activity #5 page 2 HYPOTONIC HYPERTONIC PLANT CELLS OSMOREGULATION – ADAPTATIONS Paramecium Fresh Water Bony Fish FACILITATED D IFFUSION: Cell Unit Activity #5 page 3 Marine Bony Fish ACTIVE TRANSPORT CHARACTERISTICS:
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Research Paper on E.Coli Paper Summary: This article is written about the issues regarding E.coli being found in meat that is being sold to consumers in stores nation wide. Each section looks at a different department and what efforts they are making to try and prevent further cases of E.coli in meat products. Culprit in Article: the Company that is considered the culprit in this article and is the one who has been accused for the selling of the frozen hamburger that paralyzed Ms. Smith from
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Abstract:Conjugation is a natural occurring process that involves the transfer of DNA from one cell into another through a physical connection between the cells. In the following experiment‚ two strains of Escherichia coli bacterial cells (donor F’lac+strs and recipient F-lac-strr) underwent conjugation to produce a transconjugant strain (F’lac+strr). MAC plates and streptomycin were utilized to determine if conjugation had occurred. When plated‚ the donor colonies appeared red and the recipient
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The Phenomenon that is Genetic Transformation Matt Kimmel November 17‚ 2011 Bio 121-012 Introduction Genetic transformation is when the genetic makeup of an organism is altered by it receiving external genetic material (Barnhart and Hopper‚ 2011). Bacterial transformation was first seen during an experiment by Fredric Griffith in 1928. In the experiment there were two strains of bacteria‚ a virulent strain‚ and non-virulent strain. Virulent simply means disease causing‚ and therefore non-virulent
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Transformation of E. coli by plasmid DNA 1. Table showing the results from the selective plates |Plate |Plasmid |Contents of plates |Number of colony | | | | |White |Blue | |1 |Ligation mixture |Ampiclillin + X- gal + IPTG |10 |0
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Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was one of the first techniques to be widely used for detecting variation at the DNA sequence level. The principle behind the technology rests on the possibility of comparing band profiles generated after restriction enzyme digestion in DNA molecules of different individuals. Diverse mutations that might have occurred affect DNA molecules in different ways‚ producing fragments of variable lengths
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