Introduction A mutator strain is one that lacks certain repair methods when a mistake is made during DNA replication. The strain of E. coli that was used in this lab‚ XL-1 Red Mutator‚ lacked three different repair methods used to correct mistake in DNA replication. If a mistake occurred‚ the E. coli would not be able to make repairs via DNA polymerase backtracking‚ mismatch repair‚ or oxo-dGTP hydrolysis. The E. coli will still be able to use the other ways to repair mistakes including SOS
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The Effect of Varying Ligation Conditions on Ligation Efficiency Introduction The goal of this experiment was to successfully ligate RFP into P1 and transform E. coli with P1-RFP plasmid‚ which contains the P1 promoter‚ RBS‚ and RFP gene. We tested several different ligation conditions and assessed how they each affected ligation efficiency. The two variables that we tested were: molar ratio of insert (RFP): vector (P1 plasmid)‚ as well as the effect of removing the stuffer from the digested plasmid
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Southern Blotting Southern blotting was named after Edward M. Southern who developed this procedure at Edinburgh University in the 1970s. To oversimplify‚ DNA molecules are transferred from an agarose gel onto a membrane. Southern blotting is designed to locate a particular sequence of DNA within a complex mixture. For example‚ Southern Blotting could be used to locate a particular gene within an entire genome. The amount of DNA needed for this technique is dependent on the size and specific activity
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Gel Electrophoresis is used to separate the haemoglobin component of blood. Because each type of haemoglobin (HbA‚ HbS‚ Hbc and more) have different electrical charges‚ they will separate after undergoing gel electrophoresis. Firstly‚ a blood sample from the patient is taken and is applied to a cellulose acetate membrane strip that has been soaked in a buffer solution along with saponin. The red blood cells are lysed by the saponin while being soaked‚ therefore they release their haemoglobin. A
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Hershey and Chase Experiment In 1953‚ Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase confirmed DNA’s preeminent role in genetics by demonstrating that DNA is the genetic material of a virus called phage T2. The phage‚ which infects E. coli‚ consists of a head‚ sheath‚ tail‚ and base plate made of different proteins. DNA is packaged within the head of the virus. When T2 comes in contact with E. coli‚ the phage attaches to the bacterium by its tail. Next‚ the phage injects genetic material into the cell. The genetic
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The results of the experiment supported that invertase is most active at a pH level of 5‚ which supports the hypothesis that lower acidic pH values similar to the ones found in the stomach‚ will have the largest increase in invertase activity. A semilinear decrease in rate was found as the pH level was lowered below 5‚ and a substantial decrease found in any environments with a pH higher than 5. The stomach average pH level‚ being between 1.5-3.5‚ directly correlates to the most efficient pH levels
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Osmosis Case study You are a veterinarian working in Indooroopilly and return from lunch to find a nurse treating a six year old kelpie‚ Baxter. Baxter is very lethargic‚ has an increased heart rate‚ and when you pinch his skin the fold remains visible. The owner tells you that they knew something was wrong when‚ upon returning to the outdoor car park from a three hour shopping trip‚ they saw Baxter passed out on the back seat. The temperature in the car would have been very high and Baxter
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Genetic Modification of Plants using Agrobacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a rod-shaped aerobic soil bacterium that can infect dicot plants especially apple‚ pear‚ peach‚ cherry‚ almond‚ raspberry‚ rose & grapevines. It’s method of infection is unique‚ for it transfers some of its DNA to the chromosomes of the plant cell‚ causing a tumour to grow & causing the plant to make special organic food molecules for the bacterium. The process begins when a plant is wounded‚ often near the base
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Biotechnology industry Analysis BACKGROUND The health care industry Provides health products and service which involved the leading technology of life science. It is a fast-growing industry and will continue to grow in the future because of the increasing request to the advanced medical care. The Global Industry Analysis (GIA‚2009) predicted that the prescription drug market is value around $897 billion in world economy in 2015‚ and Asia-Pacific region is expected to have highest growth in prescription
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Ethical Issues Associated with Genetic Modification of Plant for Crop Plantation Genetic modification of plant for crop plantation presents to create or maximise desirable characteristic of plant‚ such as increased yield‚ to produce better quality food and resistance to disease or resistance to climatic extremes like heat‚ cold and frost. However‚ most consumers have doubts about genetic modification plants on a less easily defined level. Many consumers could not accept genetic modified plant
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