formula‚ but each of the molecule atoms are just arranged differently. After that‚ the enzyme phosphofructokinase uses another ATP molecule to move a phosphate group to fructose 6-phosphate to form fructose 1‚ 6-bisphosphate. The enzyme aldolase splits fructose 1‚ 6-bisphosphate into two sugars that are isomers of each other. These two sugars are dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde phosphate. The enzyme triose phosphate isomerase rapidly inter-converts the molecules dihydroxyacetone phosphate
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cycle? The Krebs cycle‚ also known as the Citric Acid cycle‚ is a very important process in cellular respiration. Without this portion‚ respiration would not be possible. This is because the Krebs cycle uses the pyruvate molecules from glycolysis to produce high energy molecules essential for the electron transport chain (ETC) which follows soon after. Described by Hans Adolf Krebs in 1937 A feature of cell chemistry shared by all types of life. A complex series of reactions beginning and ending
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structure and how is important to the organisms and generally in earth. Figure 1: The structure of water In water molecule‚ the electrons of covalent bonds tend to move closer to oxygen than hydrogen. As a result‚ hydrogens have a positive electric charge and oxygen a negative electric charge. Therefore‚ the water molecule is identified as a dipole‚ which means a molecule with two ends that are opposite electrical charged. The polarity of water determines its physiochemical behavior‚ hence
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crystal that is made of an arrangement of molecules called sucrose. In a sugar crystal‚ the sucrose molecules are arranged in a pattern that extends in all three dimensions‚ and all of these molecules are attracted to each other by a type of interaction that binds molecules together called intermolecule forces. When you add granulated sugar to water‚ some of the sucrose molecules start separating from one another because they are attracted to the water molecules. The dissolving process involves two steps
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is the molecule responsible for the energy that we‚ and all other organisms‚ need to survive. It is produced primarily in the processes of aerobic and anaerobic respiration by oxidative and substrate phosphorylation. 4 molecules of ATP are produced from 4 ADP and 4 inorganic phosphates in glycolysis in the cytoplasm of every cell‚ by the oxidation of a triose phosphate into two molecules of pyruvate. In anaerobic respiration these are the only 4 ATP molecules produced per molecule of glucose
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CHEM 3305 - 001 Organic Chemistry 1 Dr Michael Findlater Spring Semester‚ 2013 Stereochemistry • Stereochemistry refers to the three-dimensional structure of a molecule. • As a consequence of stereochemistry‚ apparently minor differences in 3D structure can result in vastly different properties. • We can observe this by considering starch and cellulose‚ which are both composed of the same repeating unit. Stereochemistry of Starch and Cellulose Figure 5.2 • In cellulose
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Intermolecular Bonding Essay Write an essay on intermolecular bonding. Explain how each type of bond arises and the evidence for the existence of each. Comment on their strengths in relation to the types of atoms involved; the covalent bond and relative to each other. Use the concepts of different types and strengths of intermolecular bonds to explain the following: There exists four types of intermolecular bonding‚ they include ionic‚ covalent‚ Van der waals and hydrogen bonding. In order to
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carbons are in a molecule of glucose? 6 carbon glucose 4. The energy related during these oxidation reactions is used to form adenosine triphosphate ( ATP )‚ the Energy currency of the cell. 5. Name the two initials steps in glycolysis. The two initial steps in glycolysis are two phosphates to glucose and two molecules of ATP. 6. What are the three molecules that results? The three molecules are 6 carbon sugar diphosphate molecule‚ 2 low energy adenosine
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amphipathic molecule. The head which is hydrophilic contains a group of phosphate‚ a diglyceride and a simple molecule e.g. choline. The tail is hydrophobic and is made up of fatty acids. Phospholipids receive and transmit signals across the cell membrane and act as a store room for energy. The main role of phospholipids is that they can form lipid bilayers. It is an amphipathic molecule. The head which is hydrophilic contains a group of phosphate‚ a diglyceride and a simple molecule e.g. choline
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replication Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) DNA is an incredible molecule that forms the basis of life on Earth. DNA molecules contain instructions for building every living organism on Earth‚ from the tiniest bacterium to a massive blue whale. DNA also has the ability to replicate‚ or make copies of itself. This allows living things to grow and reproduce. 1. Look at the DNA molecule shown at right. What does it look like? _______________________________________________________
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