Time Value of Money Time value of money is the concept that the value of a dollar promised in the future is less than the value of a dollar to be received today. For different situations‚ financial reporting uses different measurements. Some of the applications of present value-based measurements to accounting topics are notes‚ leases‚ pensions and installment contracts‚ etc. This article presents three exercises in order to develop students’ basic valuation concepts and skills with respect
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survival. Till this day the pursuit of wealth remains as one of the greatest contributing factors to ensure ones survival. I feel that when people are given an incentive of fame or fortune this provides them with a reason to work as they will make money. For example‚ Communism reigned in the USSR and China. This political system promoted achievement for personal satisfaction and the good of mankind‚ where all workers earned equal amounts regardless of the quality of work. Although many Chinese and
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THE CONTROL FUNCTION OF MANAGEMENT Introduction The control function of management an organization is an activity to ensure that others are doing what should be done after strategy and organizational planning is made. The activities usually include a description of some type of measurement and feedback process. The basic process of controls involves three steps:- 1. establishing standards. 2. measuring performance against these standards. 3. correcting deviations from standards and plans
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Time Value of Money Time value of money is an amount of money available today can be safely invested to accumulate to a larger amount in the future. Present value- an amount of money available today. Future amount-amount receivable/payable at a future date Relationship Between Present Values and Present Values The difference between present value and future amount is the interest that is included in the future amount. It depends on two factors: 1. Rate of interest at which present
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Internal controls are methods or procedures adopted in a business to: -Assist in achieving the businesses’ objectives - Ensure financial information is correct and reliable - Ensure cooperation with all operational and financial requirements - Protect its Assets They are essentially checks and balances within a business. It’s objective is to reduce errors‚ limit financial losses and prevent fraud. They also segregate duties within the company and limit one persons control over an entire area
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Corporation: Xerox Corporation Question No.1 Outline the management control system at XEROX. What Are the elements that makes the system work ? Management Control System at XEROX Conditions prior to 1970. * Rigid System * Emphasis on Accuracy * Setting Unrealistic targets * Inadequate data analysis * Reporting & planning process was very long and bureaucratic. Management Control System at XEROX Problem raised during 1970 – 1980 * Patent for the
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MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL 1) Causes of Management -Lack of Direction -Motivational Problems -Personal Limitation 2) Avoidance -Activity elimination : Eliminate what is not working properly -Automation -Centralization -Risk Sharing Chapter 2 SECTION II 3) Result Control : Preventive type Control Helps Mgr to address strategy‚ org‚ employees are performing - Steps : 1. Define Performance dimension 2. Measure Performance 3. Setting Target 4. Provide Reward Requirement for Effective Result control : - Knowledge
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V. Internal Control & Banking Relationship Basic Controls Internal control refers to a system of financial checks and balances designed to minimize errors or misappropriation of assets‚ maximize the detection if it occur and protect the association overall. It is the treasurer’s responsibility to safeguard the assets of the association by ensuring these controls are in place. One of the basics of good internal control is that no one person handles all aspects of any financial transaction
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Running Head: EVALUATING INTERNAL CONTROLS Evaluating Internal Controls Internal Control Systems – ACC/544 Stephanie Booth Robert Cornett University of Phoenix September 29‚ 2014 Evaluating Internal Controls An organization’s internal controls are comprised of five components‚ which include: the control environment‚ risk assessment‚ control activities‚ monitoring‚ and information and communication. The five
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THE INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM The internal control system includes all the strategies‚ policies and procedures adopted or instituted by the management of an entity to assist in their objective achieving as far as practicable‚ the orderly and efficient conduct of the business and includes adherence and compliance to management policies and applicable laws and regulations; the safeguarding of assets; the prevention and detection of fraud and error‚ the accuracy‚ reliability and completeness of the accounting
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