long run‚ because if profit was being made‚ more firms would enter the market and market prices would decline until all firms made zero profit. These elements are perfect competition‚ monopolistic competition‚ oligopoly‚ and monopoly. Based on the differing outcomes of different market
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Notes Factors affecting demand: * Price of Substitutes- An increase in the price of a good’s substitute will increase demand for the good. * Price of Complements- An increase in the price of a good’s complement will decrease demand for the good. * Consumers’ Income- A rise in income increases the demand for normal goods and decreases the demand for inferior goods. * Consumers’ Expectations- If consumers expect a product’s quality to increase in the near future‚ they will have a lower
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2012 Pearson Education‚ Inc. All rights reserved. Three Models of Market Competition • Perfect competition – A free market in which no buyer or seller has the power to significantly affect the prices at which goods are being exchanged. • Pure monopoly – A market in which a single firm is the only seller in the market and which new sellers are barred from entering. • Oligopoly – A market shared by a relatively small number of large firms that together can exercise some influence on prices. Copyright
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As mentioned earlier‚ firms’ profit maximizing output decisions take into account the market structure under which they are operating. There are four kinds of market organizations: perfect competition‚ monopolistic competition‚ oligopoly‚ and monopoly. Perfect Competition Perfect competition describes markets such that no participants are large enough to have the market power to set the price of a homogeneous product. For a market structure to be deemed “Perfectly Competitive”‚ it needs
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supply and demand. Individual firms take the market price as given in deciding how much to produce and sell‚ and consumers take it as a given in deciding how much to buy” (Microeconomics‚ 3rd edition‚ 1995). One of the market structures is monopoly. “Monopoly is the sole producer of a product; a monopolist is in unique position. If the monopolist decides to raise the price of the product‚ it need not worry about competitors who‚ by charging lower prices‚ would capture a larger share of the market
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Introduction: Electricity is discovery which human beings lived without for thousands of years‚ but now electricity becomes a daily human need. This discovery has changed the daily life of humans‚ and without it most of the things that we use every day would not work‚ or would never be created. Therefore‚ each country has its own electricity source and sector compete in one market. The most distinctive characteristic of the energy sector in Palestine is the scarcity of locally available resources
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BD103 Microeconomics TUTORIAL Questions on Market Structure Section A – Multiple Choice Q1 Which market model has the least number of firms? (a) Monopolistic competition (b) Perfect competition (c) Monopoly (d) Oligopoly Q2 Perfect competitive firms maximize: (a) Total profits by producing where price exceeds average total cost by the greatest amount (b) Per unit profits by producing where marginal revenue equals marginal cost (c) Total profits by producing where price equals marginal cost (why
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Microsoft Corporation violated the nation’s antitrust laws through predatory and anticompetitive behavior and kept “an oppressive thumb on the scale of competitive fortune‚” a federal judge ruled today” (Brinkley‚ NY Times). Microsoft was creating a monopoly through their software by stifling
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Different types of markets A monopoly is a type of market in which there is only one producer or seller for a product. Therefore‚ the only activity is the business. It is quite hard and limited to gain access to this type of industry because usually‚ one entity has all the rights on a natural resource. Also‚ this type of market can be limited because of the high cost of material‚ or simply because of political‚ social or economical issues. Therefore‚ a monopoly controls all the good or services
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Monopolistic Competitive Market Introduction The term market refers to the place where buyers and sellers meet to engage in transactions that entail the exchange of goods or the provision of services for a consideration. A market is not only characterized by a building where people carry out business transactions. This is because any place that people carry out commerce can be referred to as a market. A market is characterized by various mechanisms that facilitate trade. These mechanisms usually
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