popularity of auctions as a device for allocating scarce resources among competing ends. Monopoly A monopoly is a market structure in which there is only one producer/seller for a product. In other words‚ the single business is the industry. Entry into such a market is restricted due to high costs or other weaknesses‚ which may be economic‚ social or political. For instance‚ a government can create a monopoly over an industry that it wants to control‚ such as electricity. Another reason for the barriers
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Lecture VII L t THE MONOPOLY The market equilibrium – REPETITION lecture VI E 20 D e supply d Cc 16 price 12 b 8 B a 4 A demand 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Quantity The minimal price and shutdown point – repetition lecture V P MC AC AVC P = MR Pmin Pshutdown Qshut Qmin QE Q Demand and Marginal Revenue Faced by a Competitive Firm - repetition Price $ per bushel Firm Price $ per bushel Industry $4 d
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As mentioned earlier‚ firms’ profit maximizing output decisions take into account the market structure under which they are operating. There are four kinds of market organizations: perfect competition‚ monopolistic competition‚ oligopoly‚ and monopoly. Perfect Competition Perfect competition describes markets such that no participants are large enough to have the market power to set the price of a homogeneous product. For a market structure to be deemed “Perfectly Competitive”‚ it needs
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Chapter 15 Monopoly 1. Monopolies use their market leverage to a. charge prices that equal minimum average total cost. b. attain normal profits in the long run. c. restrict output and increase price. d. dump excess supplies of their product on the market. ANSWER: c restrict output and increase price. SECTION: 1 OBJECTIVE: 1 2. If government officials break a natural monopoly up into several smaller firms‚ then a. competition will force firms to attain
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Characteristics The conditions for a monopolistic market are as follows: there is only one firm‚ which is large in size. The firm has to provide the market’s supply‚ and there are high barriers to entry. There are no close substitutes for the goods the monopoly firm provides or produces‚ and the monopolistic market operator should make up the entire market. The conditions for a monopolistic competitive market are as follows: the market has many small firms‚ there are no barriers to enter the market
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Know-how VII. Monopoly VIII. Oligopoly IX. perfect competition (pure competition) business definition X. workable competition business definition XI. Cost leadership XII. Differentiation (economics) XIII. Barriers to exit XIV. Inventory flow XV. Incoterms XVI. Multinational Corporation XVII. Parent company XVIII. Decentralization XIX. Centralisation XX. License XXI. Intellectual property XXII. Copyright XXIII. Patent XXIV. Legal monopoly XXV. Trademark
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competition and the pricing strategies of these firms. Marketing‚ on the other hand‚ concentrates its focus on consumer behaviour. Basically there are four major market structures – perfect competition‚ monopolistic competition‚ oligopoly‚ duopoly and monopoly. Market Structures categorize companies based on different characteristics like the number of sellers in the overall market‚ the kind of product‚ market share‚ barriers to entry‚ pricing power‚ efficiency and profits. Each of these specific criteria
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environment of a firm‚ the characteristics of which influence the firm’s pricing and output decisions. There are four theories of market structure. These theories are: Pure competition Monopolistic competition Oligopoly Monopoly Each of these theories produce some type of consumer behavior if the firm raises the price or if it reduces the price. The theory of pure competition is a theory that is built on four assumptions: (1.)There are many sellers and many buyers
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1) Explain the terms ‘Monopoly’ and ‘Monopolistic Competition’ (4 marks) Monopoly A monopoly is a market structure in which a single company or individual owns all or nearly all of the market for a given type of product or service with no or close substitute. This would happen in the case that there is a barrier to entry into the industry that allows the single company to operate without competition (for example‚ vast economies of scale‚ barriers to entry‚ or governmental regulation)
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number of sellers as well as market power‚ nature of product and possibility of enjoying economies of scale (EOS). MPC firms have weak BTE where firms’ entry into these industries is largely unrestricted by government’s rules and regulations. One example of an MPC firm is the hawker stall. The set-up cost including the rental cost is low and due to the small-scale production of food‚ there is limited scope for EOS that act as a BTE. This weak BTE gives rise to the large number of hawker stalls being
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