William H. Shaw: Ethical Relativism Ethical relativism is a concept in which most simple minded individuals adhere to. According to definition in the chapter‚ ethical relativism is the normative theory that what is right is what the culture or individual says is right. Shaw argues that it is not very plausible to say that ethical relativism is determined by what a person thinks is right and wrong. He gives reason that it “collapses the distinction between thinking something is right and it’s actually
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Aristotle vs. Plato Excellence is a function which renders excellent the thing of which it is a function is Plato’s definition of virtue. What does this definition really mean though? Plato and Aristotle both had their own unique arguments devoted to the topic at hand‚ and their own ways of describing what virtue really is. Defining virtue may seem to be an easy taste‚ but to truly understand the arguments behind the definition can prove to be very challenging. Before discussing virtue‚ the
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Imitation Background Plato was born in 427 BC—3 years after the outbreak of the Peloponnesian war. At the time ancient Greek was divided into several city states‚ and each state has its own government. At that time there were two city states which were powerful and strong enough to influence the governing system of whole Greek. The states were “Athens” and “Sparta”. Both the states were at war‚ when Plato was born ‚ due to the conflict of choice of democracy rule or military rule. Plato was born in a
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Cultural relativism is the moral theory that states that morality is created together by many individual groups of humans and morality therefore is not fixed‚ but rather varies from culture to culture‚ peoples‚ and different contextual situations. Cultural relativism preaches that certain practices are always morally permissible for a culture as long as the members of the culture see it as morally right. For example if a culture has a traditional custom that believes it’s okay for them to eat the
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Corresponding Critique Plato and Aristotle’s contributions to literary theory ought to be measure equally against each other as both having provided original methodologies for the critique and education of literature. Plato’s Apology is an example of his proposed ideal form of prose‚ showing Socrates to be speaking from logos (logic) as opposed to the former Greek poet’s employment of catharsis as the prime vessel for literature’s performance. The poetry of his time‚ claims Plato‚ is lacking in reason
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enedict (Cultural Relativism) a. The concept of Cultural Relativism states‚ “it is not each person‚ but each person’s culture that is the standard by which actions are to be measured”(Wilkens‚ 29). I believe Ruth Benedict would base how she acts in this situation off of what an individual might justify morally. People have multiple views‚ which vary concerning what someone should do in this type of situation. Some people may consider not turning in the ticket as wrong‚ while others may think it is
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THE CONCEPT OF IMITATION IN PLATO AND ARISTOTLE Abstract Plato and Aristotle argue that artist (Demiurge) and poet imitate nature‚ thus‚ a work of art is a reflection of nature. However‚ they have different views on the functions of imitation in art and literature. Plato believes in the existence of the ideal world‚ where exists a real form of every object found in nature. A work of art –which reflects nature is twice far from the reality it represents. Aristotle‚ on the other hand‚ does not
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Critical Analysis of “Phaedo” by Plato Much of the Phaedo by Plato is composed of arguments for the nature of the physical world and how it relates to the after life‚ for example‚ the way our senses perceive the world and how indulging in those senses has negative consequences in our after lives. These arguments find basis in scientific analysis of the time as well as the mythos of the his age. One of the key talking points within the story is the theory of forms. The aforementioned theory
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Plato’s Metaphysics in a Nutshell it is vital to know the difference Plato made between sensible "things" and "forms." Things are those aspects of reality which we see though our senses: a boy‚ a table‚ fan‚ television‚ etc. Everything that we experience in the world of impression is constantly changing (the television will start to get worn down‚ the boy will age with time)‚ imperfect and often passing away. This is the realm of appearances‚ and we all know that appearances can be deceptive.
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nineteenth century‚ individuals often linked the concept of evil with God. Thus‚ when an individual committed a devious act‚ it was believed that the creator possessed the ability to punish society how he pleased. This ideology lasted until the late 1700’s‚ when a catastrophic event permanently altered how individuals rationalize. The disastrous event was none other than the Lisbon earthquake. In essence‚ this incident was a culture shock for people in society‚ which overturned previous ethics theorist
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