became a functional type with the construction of the Great Mosque of Damascus on the most sacred site in the city (on top of the ancient temple of Jupiter and in place of the basilica of St. John the Baptist). This building served as a point of reference for builders (and for art historians) for the birth of the Arab plan. Mosaics from the riwaq (portico) of the Great Mosque of Damascus. Mosaics from the riwaq (portico) of the Great Mosque of Damascus. The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem is indisputably
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the cultural‚ economic‚ and political impact of Islam on EUROPE between 1000 CE and 1750 CE. Beginning- Muslim Spain Middle- The Crusades End- Ottoman Empire The Muslims build libraries and universities. Cities‚ such as Córdoba‚ become cultural centers. In fact‚ it was one of the richest and most sophisticated cities in Europe at the time. The Muslims introduce new crops and new agricultural technology. The Muslims share their architectural and poetic styles. Isabella and
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sentence cannot be ignored on the discussion of Islam and the intolerance of religion. The controversy over Cordoba House‚ the planned Islamic culture centre and mosque near Ground Zero‚ turned into a debate about Islam and “Islamophobia”‚ the hatred and scared of non-Muslim towards Muslim because of violence and cruelty of some Muslims especially the Islamist. “Anti-jihadist” who lead the anti-mosque campaign such as
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LIGHT AND ARCHITECTURE CÉSAR PORTELA Architect There is no need to define what natural light is‚ but we do need to remember that this light allows us to define what is around us‚ by day and night: the changing perception of the things or the bodies on which it impacts‚ and the space that contains them. Light‚ or absence of light‚ can also transform this space in each season‚ each day of the year‚ each hour of the day‚ each moment. With regard to Architecture‚ What is Architecture? Lao-Tse said
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complete the following sentences that trace the development of Andalusian civilization. • The first Spanish Umayyad‚ Abd al-Rahman‚ forced Charlemagne’s forces to retreat into France. • The 50-year reign of Abd al-Rahman III saw the defense of Córdoba from both the Fatimids in Africa and the Christians to the north. After his death‚ the caliphate fragmented into many smaller principalities. • The Almoravids and Almohads of North Africa invaded Spain in the 11th century to enforce strict Muslim
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Sabina 50. Rebecca and Eliezer at the Well and Jacob Wrestling and Angel (Vienna Genesis) 51. San Vitale 52. Hagia Sophia 53. Merovingian looped fibula 54. Virgin and Child between St Theodore and St. George 55. Lindisfarne Gospels 56. Great Mosque at Cordoba 57. Pyxis of al-Mughira 58. Church of Sainte-Foy 59. Bayeux Tapestries 60. Chartres Cathedral 61. Dedication Page with Blanche of Castile and King Louis IX from a Bible moralisee 62. Rottgen Pieta 63. Arena Chapel at Padua 64. Golden Haggadah
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from Maghreb (Morocco) and rapidly advanced north conquering Visigoth Spain (Germanic Christian rulers) within seven years. In establishing an Islamic state throughout the Iberian peninsula‚(todays Spain and Portugal combined)‚ which centered in Cordoba in the heart of the peninsula. In the seventh century Spain influenced by the Roman
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Carved Stucco from Amman Citadel Congregational Mosque”‚ in Biscontin‚ G. & Driussi‚ G. (Eds.) Lo Stucco Proceedings of the XVII International Conference “Scienza e Beni Culturali” . pp.107-123 Venezia. Arce‚ I‚ 2000. “Un tipo inédito de trompas en la arquitectura omeya”‚ in Huerta‚ S. (Ed.) Proceedings of III Congreso Nacional de Historia de la Construcción. Instituto Juan de Herrera‚ CEDEX. Madrid. Arce‚ I. 2000 [in press]. “The Umayyad Congregational Mosque and the Souq Square complex at Amman Citadel
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Baghdad formed two vast semi-circles on the right and left banks of the Tigris‚ twelve miles in diameter. The numerous suburbs‚ covered with parks‚ gardens‚ villas and beautiful promenades‚ and plentifully supplied with rich bazaars‚ and finely built mosques and baths‚ stretched for a considerable distance on both sides of the river. In the days of its prosperity the population of Baghdad and its suburbs amounted to over two millions! ...The long wide estrades at the different gates of the city were used
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collaborated closely with Muslims to urbanize the empire and be recognized as a global economic power. Attracting millions‚ cities of intellectualism were among the first to develop into major urban centers‚ followed by several others. By the 10th century‚ Cordoba housed a population of more than 500‚000–the
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