------o0o------ CHAPTER 14: CHI-SQUARE TESTING STATISTICS FOR BUSINESS TAs: Vo Vuong Van Anh‚ Le Phuoc Thien Thanh‚ and Le Nhat Ho December 21‚ 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS • PART I: CHI-SQUARE TESTING FOR GOODNESS-OF-FIT. • PART II: CHI-SQUARE TESTING FOR NORMAL DISTRIBUTION. • PART III: CHI-SQUARE TESTING FOR INDEPENDENCE. December 2013 Powered by Vo Vuong Van Anh 2 1 12/21/2013 Hypothesis Testing Procedure for Chi-Square Testing 5 Steps to Perform an Chi-Square Testing STEP 01 State the null and alternative
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parents and students of different cultural backgrounds around the United States‚ this is becoming a reality. Standardized testing can have a substantial impact on a student’s future‚ and the idea that these types of tests are culturally biased is rising. While some Caucasian Americans and minorities (Hispanic Americans‚ and African American) believe that standardized testing allows Caucasian Americans a better probability of success because some content is geared towards Caucasian culture‚ making
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A problem within the educational system would be standardized testing. Standardized testing has been part of the US educational system since the mid 1800’s. Educating children should and is a top priority in America. That being said standardized test should not measure educational quality because of the many complications that come with it. Many people are intelligent test are not reliable or valid. I agree that standardized test helps to see where the students may be in certain areas which can then
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Animal testing for cosmetic products and substances should be banned completely because of the benefits there is to non-cosmetic animal testing. According to People For The Ethical Treatment of Animals‚ “A variety of cell-based tests and tissue models can be used to assess the safety of drugs‚ chemicals‚ cosmetics‚ and consumer products” (“Alternatives to Animal Testing”). This means a new form of technology allows researchers to replace animal testing with human skin cells and tissues that can
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Chapter 8: Hypothesis Testing: 8.1 Review and Preview: The two main activities of inferential statistics are using sample data to (1) estimate a population parameter (such as estimating a population parameter with a confidence interval)‚ and (2) test a hypothesis or claim about a population parameter. Hypothesis: a claim or statement about a property of a population Hypothesis test/test of significance: a procedure for testing a claim about a property of a population Population proportion
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of the Great City Schools (Helfing para.9). If that seems a little extreme to you‚ you are not alone. Standardized testing has become an increasingly common way to measure anything from student knowledge to the effectiveness of the school‚ especially after the initiation of policies such as No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and Race To The Top (RTTT). But at what costs? Standardized testing has become a million dollar industry‚ yet it does not consistently measure student or the quality of education. However
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Early on‚ the elimination of animal testing was unfeasible because it was the only available source. However‚ technology advancements in the late 20th and early 21st centuries have introduced alternative methods that are often cheaper and more relevant to humans. William Russell and Rex Burch first introduced the 3R’s of animal research in 1959. These R’s stand for the reduction‚ refinement‚ and replacement of the use of animals in research and testing. Many alternative methods that have come forward
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Standardized Testing is Unfair and Biased A 2001 study published by the Brookings Institution found that 50-80% of year-over-year test score improvements were temporary and "caused by fluctuations that had nothing to do with long-term changes in learning..." Standardized testing is becoming a more prevalent debate in society due to the fact that people are realizing it is unable to fairly judging a student’s academic ability. Standardized testing is inequitable because it does not properly determine
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Forget cruelty or animal rights‚ using animals to test our pharmaceuticals is outdated‚ ineffective‚ and a waste of money. New more efficient and cheaper alternatives have been found that could end animal testing for good‚ if only government would take the initiative. It’s frustrating to realize that we could have had better and more effective medication at a lower coast. Some medications that passed animal experimentation have been shown to be much more harmful to humans than the diseases they were
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Cosmetic Animal Testing Cruelty-free makeup is the best choice for consumers because cosmetic animal testing is cruel and inhumane; There should be more attention and publicity towards these industries. Animals are not only tortured during the repulsive act of cosmetic testing‚ they also are killed. One hundred million animals a year are killed due to cosmetic animal testing. No matter what the makeup actually does to these powerless animals they are put down after every testing. They kill the animals
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