Firm Reputation and Horizontal Integration∗ Hongbin Cai† Ichiro Obara‡ March 14‚ 2008. Abstract We study effects of horizontal integration on firm reputation. In an environment where customers observe only imperfect signals about firms’ effort/quality choices‚ firms cannot maintain good reputation and earn quality premium forever. Even when firms choose high quality‚ there is always a possibility that a bad signal is observed. Thus‚ firms must give up their quality premium‚ at least temporarily
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In this ever-changing working environment‚ motivation is essentially important to achieve the objectives of organisations‚ which are mainly effectiveness and efficiency. So‚ what exactly is motivation? Motivation refers to the psychological forces that determine a person’s behaviour‚ and can be divided into two aspects - intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic motivation refers to motivation that is derived from one’s own sake‚ while extrinsic motivation is derived from behaviour that is affected by
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The Resources of the Firm These resources may be divided by 3 categories 1. Tangible resources include land‚ buildings‚ plant and machinery. Example‚ Toyota’s Tangible resources It is not different from other companies‚ such as Financial: the ability to raise funds‚ a loan and issue stock to raise capital. Technological: patents‚ trademarks and copyright and trade secrets‚ etc. Physical: such as buildings‚ machinery‚ plant‚ equipment‚ research and development as well as all raw materials
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Informal Letter Dear Mimi‚ How are you my dear sister? I hope you are fine. Don’t worry about me; I am very fine. I am now a very strong young man you know. How are those wonderful brothers of mine? Pass them my greetings. I received you letter. Thanks a million for writing. The brothers and sisters in my congregation are fine. I am only sorry to heat that Br. Banda is still sick. I hope he will recover soon. My journey back here was fine‚ though it was quite a long one. I wanted to travel
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Samantha McNamara 1818 Red River Basin In 1818 America and Great Britain edited a treaty that was made in 1812. The treaty made in 1812‚ Treaty of Ghent‚ had settled the war in 1812. This treaty had to do with the territory of present day Minnesota and North Dakota. When they edited the treaty in 1814 it was decided that the United States and Britain would share the Oregon Territory (The). This change lasted until 1846. The Oregon territory became the northern border of the famous Louisiana
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two firms with similar problems from different countries. It will conduct a comparative analysis of the two firms. In addition‚ it will discuss political‚ social‚ ethical‚ and legal differences facing both organizations and determine the impact these differences have on management making decisions. Also‚ it will provide a substantive conclusion and recommendations. Two Firms I will be analyzing two firms for comparison and contrast regarding management decisions. The two firms being
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Abortion is the termination of pregnancy by the removal or expulsion from the uterus of a fetus or embryo prior to viability. An abortion can occur spontaneously in which case it is usually called a miscarriage‚ or it can be purposely induced. The term abortion most commonly refers to be induced abortion of a human pregnancy. Abortion‚ when induced in the developed world in accordance with local law‚ is among the safest procedures in medicine. However‚ unsafe abortions result in approximately
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exploration and stretching the boundaries of what is possible. is a cornerstone of the American values since the pilgrims arrived in Massachusetts. The origins of the spirit of exploration in the United States was the earliest pilgrims. Their motivations‚ however‚ were similar and different to those of the later explorers. The original puritans immigrated from
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Research Essay (Essay Plan) 1. Outline classical theories of motivation and illustrate their application in different business situation. Discuss their usefulness to the 21st century business manager. Part 1: Introduction * (Why) are theories of motivation still relevant to the 21st century business manager? In today’s market‚ organizations always put pressure on enhanced communication‚ globalization and improved technology to find variety of ways of winning business. (Dransfield‚ 1996:
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12-Sep-13 Objectives of firms 1. Profit Maximisation In neo-classical economics it is assumed that the interest of owners or shareholders are the most important. Just as consumers attempt to maximise utility‚ shareholders main motivation is to maximise their gain firm the company. Therefore‚ one of the main objectives of firms is to maximise profit. Profit is the reward for the risk-bearing function of the entrepreneur. The firm is in equilibrium‚ and is maximising profit‚ when it
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