AP Biology Study Guide Chapter 11 1. Categorize chemical signals in terms of the proximity of the communicating cells. Local signaling – a. Paracrine signaling – a secreting cell acts on nearby target cells by discharging molecules of a local regulator (a growth factor‚ for example) into the extracellular fluid. b. Synaptic signaling – a nerve cell releases neurotransmitter molecules into a synapse‚ stimulating the target cell. Long distance signaling- c. Hormonal signaling – specialized
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Biology Revision Notes Biochemical Tests: Proteins - add biurettes reagent to the sample. If protein is present‚ clear colour change from blue to purple. Reducing Sugars – add Benedict’s reagent to the sample. Heat in Bunsen or water bath. If reducing sugars are present‚ clear colour changes from blue -> orange red precipitate. Lipids – dissolve sample in ethanol. Slowly pour the solution into the water slowly. If lipids are present a white emulation forms on the surface. Starch – add iodine
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Biology - Main Questions And Answers: Complete the table with a tick if the statement in the first column is true‚ for each process. Write a simple equation to show how ATP is synthesised from ADP: ADP + Pi ATP Give two ways in which the properties of ATP make it a suitable source of energy in biological processes: 1. Energy released in small/suitable amounts 2. Soluble 3. Involves a single/simple reaction Humans synthesise more than their body mass of ATP each day.
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separation of fragments of DNA (by electrophoresis) • separation according to the length of the fragments • pattern of bands obtained / different pattern of bands with DNA from different individuals • used for criminal investigations / example of use in criminal investigation • used to check paternity / who is the father / mother / parent • used to check whether two organisms are clones 2. Discuss whether genetic screening should be carried out for sickle cell‚anemia and other diseases. 4
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CHM 116 Lab Investigations of Buffers I. Purpose The purpose of this experiment was to get an understanding as to how to properly prepare chemical buffers. Also part of this experiment was to gauge the effectiveness of the buffers by measuring their pH levels in various titration solutions‚ using a pH meter. II. Procedure To start our experiment we had to prepare Buffer B‚ which was the .060 M Ammonia/Ammonium solution. Using 3.0 M ammonia‚ we had to calculate
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Science February 6 2009 - February 19 2009 Conductor Investigation Calvin Chang 8.2 Stage 1: Planning the Experiment Introduction ! By “electric current”‚ I mean by the rate at which electric charges moves through a circuit‚ the electric charges can either be ions or electrons. They are measured in ammeters and the unit that is measured in is ampere which is the number of charges that passes through per second. There are many factors which would affect the electric current‚ like the voltage of
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Who normally conducts the preliminary investigation? What are some of the actions the first responders can take once they arrive at the scene of the crime? Since the preliminary investigation starts when the first emergency call is received‚ it is typically administered by the patrol officers who are first to respond to the scene. First responders can either preserve or contaminate the crime scene‚ which can possibly result in either the success or failure of the prosecution. Accordingly‚ the steps
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Section 1 : Identifying the Genetic Material Griffith’s Experiments In 1928‚ Frederick Griffith‚ a bacteriologist‚ was trying to prepare a vaccine against pneumonia. A vaccine is a substance that is prepared from killed or weakened disease-causing agents‚ including certain bacteria. The vaccine is introduced into the body to protect the body against future infections by the disease-causing agent. Griffith discovered that harmless bacteria could turn virulent when mixed with bacteria that cause
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biology FOLIO BIOLOGY POLLUTION NIK ‘AINAA SYAKIRAH BT NIK GHAZALI 5 IBNU SINA INTRODUCTION Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into a natural environment that causes instability‚ disorder‚ harm or discomfort to theecosystem i.e. physical systems or living organisms. It can also be define as any undesirable changes in physical‚ chemical or biological characteristics of the natural environment‚ brought about when harmful substances or energy released by human activities. Pollution
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recently become very withdrawn during class‚ refusing to speak to anyone‚ including her teacher and peers. Previously she seemed to have age-appropriate social skills‚ interacting well at school. Her withdrawal started suddenly. Mariella’s teacher‚ Mrs. Levine‚ called Mariella’s mother to find out more information‚ but her mother said that Mariella seems fine at home. The School Psychologist faxed Mariella’s mother a Consent Form and discussed with Ms. Hines over the phone a psychological assessment
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