Pat I. Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards (Chapter 4) 1. Between 2001 and 2012‚ 41 volcanic events occurred worldwide. 2. 11 eruptions with VEI>=3 erupted from 2001-2012 3. Some volcanoes that were erupted and associated with tsunamis are: * Name: Stramboli Eruption type: stratovolcano Location: Italy * Name: Soufriefe hills (2003) Eruption type: stratovolcano Location: W indies * Name: Soufriefe hills (2006) Eruption type: stratovolcano
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mixes with either snow or rain on it’s descent down a volcano. A destructive lahar was seen on June 15th‚ 1991 when Mt. Pinatubo erupted and a building was buried by the lahar. In the months that followed over 200 lahars occurred and destroyed road‚ towns‚ crops and bridges. Also‚ the volcanic ash can effect global temperatures and cloud the sky. On June 15th‚ 1991 when Mt. Pinatubo erupted‚ it sent large amounts of ash into the sky. This ash cloud circled the earth and decreased global
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underground spaces. Volcanoes generally acquire shape of a mountain. Volcanoes are usually found at places where tectonic plates get converged or diverged. But there existence at a particular place depends upon many environmental and geological factors. Volcanoes can also occur at a place because of hot spots or mantle plumes. Even hotspot volcanoes are very common at other planets of solar system especially on moons and rock based planets. Features of volcanoes Common features of volcanoes are lava‚
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1.) Mayon Volcano Image Source This is the most picturesque of all the volcanoes in the Philippines - Mayon Volcano‚ an active stratovolcano in the province of Albay. Mayon is the most active volcano in the country‚ having erupted over 47 times in the past 400 years. The first recorded eruption was in 1616. Mayon Volcano is the main landmark of Albay‚ Philippines. This volcano is considered to be the world’s most perfectly formed volcano for its symmetrical cone. 2.) Taal Volcano Image
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Mount Kilauea is the most famous volcano in Hawaii. It resides in the southeast in Mauna Loa. This volcano has one of the biggest craters of all volcanoes‚ consisting of 3‚646 feet deep. It has an 8 mile circumference and is encompassed entirely by an enormous “wall of volcanic rock 200 to 500 ft high” (Mount Kilauea). “Mount Kilauea is a low and flat shield volcano that rises only 1‚247 meters above sea level. Till date‚ the Kilauea volcano is the most active and the most visited volcano in the
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| * Volcanoes are openings in the Earth’s surface. When they are active they can let ash‚ gas and hot magma escape in sometimes violent and spectacular eruptions. * The word volcano originally comes from the name of the Roman god of fire‚ Vulcan. * Volcanoes are usually located where tectonic plates meet. This is especially true for the Pacific Ring of Fire‚ an area around the Pacific Ocean where over 75% of the volcanoes on Earth are found. * While most volcanoes form near tectonic boundaries
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Spanning the Mid-Atlantic Ridge‚ Iceland emerged as a result of the divergent process; the results of which‚ can be measured and observed on land. About the size of the State of Virginia‚ with a population of around 300‚000. Iceland has 30 volcanoes and 13 of them are active. The most fatal volcanic eruption of Iceland’s history was the Skaftáreldar in 1783-84 (fires of Skaftá). Almost a quarter of the population died. The immediate lava flow was not the cause of the deaths. The deaths occurred
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health‚ property‚ or environment. It is easy to locate volcanoes‚ but it is very difficult to predict exactly when activity will take place‚ particularly a major eruption‚ this makes it difficult to prepare or plan for one. There is a very big difference that helps prepare for a volcanic hazard and that is whether you are in a MEDC or a LEDC. In a MEDC monitoring volcanic zones and potential hazards is an option many LEDC’s don’t have. In Italy at Mt Etna they have Geo-monitoring programs which focus
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most volcanoes‚ occur where lithospheric plates are interacting 2) Main mineral and hydrocarbon resources occur in specific tectonic settings 3) Plate tectonic processes happening at depth responsible for occurrences at Earth’s surface: size and shape of oceans‚ nature and distribution of landforms‚ general climatic conditions of each of Earth’s regions Plate Boundaries - map of epicenter of significant earthquake‚ M > 3.5 - active boundaries marked by zones of earthquakes and volcanoes - earthquakes
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controversial & will not be on exams! * There are collision zones between Indo-Australian or Indian plate & Eurasia plate. This also shows relief. * On the west‚ there is pacific plate called “The Ring of Fire” –more than 50% of world’s volcanoes‚ earthquakes occur in this area. 1.1 Geological Structures: Stable Landforms * Ancient Platforms or (Cratons): is about 2 billion years ago when they were created Russia has 2 ancient platforms or Cratons: * Eastern European Cratons
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