are pyramidal structures with flat tops‚ usually constructed as portions of a temple complex by many groups within the cradle of civilization. While we only have the stone remains today‚ they were more than just architectural sights to be seen. The bricks were glazed with different colors according to their level and many of the walls sported astrological artwork. At the top of ziggurats were the actual temples. This positioning was advantageous for the priests living and conducting religious sacrifices
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1st quiz Mesopotamia II. Mesopotamia is a Greek word meaning “the land between the rivers.” It is now known as Iraq. The rivers in question are the Tigris and the Euphrates. These rise in the southern part of Asia Minor (modern Turkey) and flow south into the Persian Gulf. Southern Mesopotamia was first called Sumer; middle Mesopotamia was first called Akkad and later‚ Babylonia; northern Mesopotamia was later called Assyria. Mesopotamia is correctly nicknamed “the Cradle of Civilization
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Fertile Crescent and Nile River Valley About 5‚000 years ago in Sumer and Egypt (3000 BC) civilizations rose. Civilizations generally have rules and regulations‚ building and structures‚ agriculture‚ writing‚ and a religious structure. Before Sumer and Egypt rose up‚ people in the Paleolithic Age were nomadic‚ hunters and gatherers. They traveled in groups of 20-30 people. They had a spoken language‚ which was passed on and created culture. They had religious beliefs‚ which are believed to explain
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Mesopotamia and its Contributions to History Many Western historians refer Mesopotamia as the cradle of civilization. Mesopotamia was a region located in the eastern part of the Mediterranean where the rivers provided the means of survival. While other lives traveled to survive‚ Mesopotamia was one of the earliest civilizations documented to be able to settle down‚ populate‚ and make the transition from being farmers and laborers to other jobs that have been the stepping stone for societies today
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barrel vault within great indoor markets of ancient)‚ shops and businesses‚ with the living space upstairs. * Consisted of six to eight three-storey apartment blocks‚ grouped around a central courtyard. * Insulae were made of wood and mud brick and often collapsed or caught fire. * The upper floors were the most unsafe and therefore the cheapest to rent. * Often those top floors were without heating‚ running water or toilets‚ which meant their occupants had to use public restrooms
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difficult terrain to establish architectural settlement in the area; however an ingenious method of developing bricks was established through the utilisation of abundant mud and bitumen resources. At early stages of development in Mesopotamian architecture a type of plano-convex brick and rectangular one (fig .2) were invented.1 Used in the construction of platforms or walls‚ the rectangular brick was often baked‚ set in bitumen and faced with terracotta tiles and rows of pegs.1 Further required construction
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Vitruvius: The Ten Books on Architecture The first chapter of the book comprises of the aspects of an Architect‚ the principles of Architecture and its departments. Even the idea of choosing the right site or location for a structure is also covered in this chapter. The second chapter‚ on the other hand‚ touches the origin of the very first dwelling‚ and the methods of building up a wall. The substances and materials cast upon structures during the early times‚ which are still used nowadays
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for Cost Effective Housing SHEE Contents 1. Flyash-Sand-Lime-Gypsum Bricks 1 2. Compressed Earth / Fly Ash Sand Lime Gypsum Blocks (Interlocking Type) 7 3. Compressed Earth Bricks/Blocks 9 4. Clay Flyash Burnt Bricks 13 5. Marble Slurry Bricks 15 6. Solid/Hollow Concrete Blocks 17 7. Cellular Light Weight Concrete 23 8. Ferrocement Wall Panels 25 9. Rat Trap Bond Brick Masonry 27 10. Micro Concrete Roofing Tiles 29 11. Ferrocement
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surface material from the earth‚ both natural and artificial. In other words‚ soil includes not only dirt but also rocks‚ animal material‚ and vegetation that lie near the surface of the ground. In addition‚ it may include pieces of glass‚ fragments of brick or stone‚ and pieces of asphalt. The combination of things in the soil may help link a suspect to the crime scene if the soil is somehow transferred to the suspect on his or her shoes or clothing‚ for example. Comparing soil from a crime scene with
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Jericho is a Palestinian city located near the Jordan River in the West Bank. It lies at latitude 31 52 degrees north and longitude 35 39 degrees east and is 250 metres below sea level. Jericho is one of the most ancient human habitations. Bartlett (1982) suggests the most ancient human remains were found in it‚ some of which go back to 5000 years B.C. Bartlett also believes some settlements date back to 9000 years B.C. The Ancient city was occupied by Jordan from 1948 to 1967 (Bartlett‚ 1982). Over
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