SPSS for Beginners Copyright © 1999 Vijay Gupta Published by VJBooks Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any form or by any means‚ or stored in a database or retrieval system‚ without prior written permission of the publisher except in the case of brief quotations embodied in reviews‚ articles‚ and research papers. Making copies of any part of this book for any purpose other than personal use is a violation of United States and international copyright laws
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Parameters * Population mean = μ = ( Σ Xi ) / N * Population standard deviation = σ = sqrt [ Σ ( Xi - μ )2 / N ] * Population variance = σ2 = Σ ( Xi - μ )2 / N * Variance of population proportion = σP2 = PQ / n * Standardized score = Z = (X - μ) / σ * Population correlation coefficient = ρ = [ 1 / N ] * Σ { [ (Xi - μX) / σx ] * [ (Yi - μY) / σy ] } Statistics Unless otherwise noted‚ these formulas assume simple random sampling. * Sample mean = x = ( Σ xi ) / n *
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Algebra is one of the broad parts of mathematics‚ together with number theory‚ geometry and analysis. For historical reasons‚ the word "algebra" has several related meanings in mathematics‚ as a single word or with qualifiers. • As a single word without article‚ "algebra" names a broad part of mathematics (see below). • As a single word with article or in plural‚ "algebra" denotes a specific mathematical structure. See algebra (ring theory) and algebra over a field. • With a qualifier‚ there
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Journal of Accounting Research Vol. 40 No. 3 June 2002 Printed in U.S.A. The Association Between Activity-Based Costing and Manufacturing Performance C H R I S T O P H E R D . I T T N E R ‚∗ W I L L I A M N . L A N E N ‚† A N D D A V I D F . L A R C K E R∗ Received 20 May 1999; accepted 23 October 2001 ABSTRACT This study examines the association between activity-based costing and manufacturing performance. Results using a cross-sectional sample of manufacturing plants indicates that extensive
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Socially Responsible Institutional Investment in Private Equity Author(s): Douglas Cumming and Sofia Johan Source: Journal of Business Ethics‚ Vol. 75‚ No. 4 (Nov.‚ 2007)‚ pp. 395-416 Published by: Springer Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25124003 . Accessed: 19/03/2013 12:52 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use‚ available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps
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This is an international marketing report on the chocolate brands of MARS Incorporated‚ an American global family owned company runs in the United Kingdom market. There are three main sections in the report which are background and introduction section that provides relevant information of MARS including its objectives and segmentations‚ as well as explains the market analysis tools that are used; environmental analysis section which states the significant factors affect MARS chocolate in UK market
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Audit Quality and Cost of Debt Capital for Private Firms: Evidence from Finland Jukka Karjalainen Department of Business University of Eastern Finland April 10‚ 2010 Abstract The purpose of this paper is to examine the value relevance of the perceived audit quality in terms of who audits‚ as well as the audit outcomes in terms of the auditor’s opinion and accruals quality‚ in the pricing of debt capital for privately-held firms by examining a large sample of privately-held Finnish firms. The
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Signaling and risk allocation in merger agreements Antonio J. Macias* Thomas Moeller** Abstract Acquirers and targets allocate interim risk in merger agreements through Material Adverse Change (MAC) clauses and exclusions. While virtually all acquisitions have MAC clauses‚ there is broad cross-sectional variation in the number and type of MAC exclusions. Using comprehensive hand-collected data‚ we find that acquisitions with fewer firm-specific MAC exclusions‚ i.e.‚ stronger abandonment options
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This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from the National Bureau of Economic Research Volume Title: The Economics of Aging Volume Author/Editor: David A. Wise‚ editor Volume Publisher: University of Chicago Press Volume ISBN: 0-226-90295-1 Volume URL: http://www.nber.org/books/wise89-1 Conference Date: March 19-22‚ 1987 Publication Date: 1989 Chapter Title: A Dynamic Programming Model of Retirement Behavior Chapter Author: John P. Rust Chapter URL: http://www.nber.org/chapters/c11588
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Council‚ 1977-1988‚ Motorcycle statistical annual‚ Irvine‚ CA. [16] National Automotive Dealers Association‚ 1977-1987‚ Motorcycle and mopeds appraisal guide‚ McLean‚ VA. [17] Nevo‚ A.‚ 2000‚ “A Practitioner’ Guide to Estimation of Random Coe¢ cients Logit Model of Demand‚” s Journal of Economics and Management Strategy‚ 9(4): 513-548 [18] Ohashi‚ H‚ 2002‚ “Anticipatory E¤ects of Voluntary Export Restraints: A Study of Home Video Cassette [19] Ohashi‚ H‚ 2003‚ “The Role of Network E¤ects in the US VCR
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