In this essay I aim to describe two theories (Equity Theory and Social exchange theory) of relationships and to consider how they might influence the therapist engaged in couples counseling‚ noting their similarities and differences. Equity theory is a theory about fairness. Its application to close relationships has been primarily advanced by Elaine Hatfield (previously known as Elaine Walster) and her colleagues in the book Equity: Theory and Research (Walster‚ Walster‚ and Berscheid 1978). The
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ESP ‘Course design is the process by which the raw data about a learning need is interpreted to produce an integrated series of teaching-learning experiences‚ whose ultimate aim is to lead the learners to a particular state of knowledge’ (Hutchinson and Waters 1987) Discuss the ways in which data is collected prior to an ESP course and prepare a needs analysis instrument for a specific group of learners’ Introduction: In today’s world‚ English has become a widespread language and it is spoken in
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Social Aspects of the 1920s The 1920’s were the time in American history where there was rapid change in culture‚ artistic innovations were happening‚ rebellious behavior occurred‚ and a huge economic boom. After being exhausted with trying to be noble and having proper behavior‚ America‚ in the 1920’s had a decade of this social outbreak from the moral restrictions of the past generations. In the 1920’s‚ on top of the social status were the upper class‚ or Fitzgerald referred to
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term or makes him pay a fine‚ is a perfect example of punitive punishment. RETRIBUTIVE: Retributive form of justice is a theory of justice which implies that punishment has to be proportionate to the crime that has been committed. An eye for an eye‚ limb for limb is barbaric examples of such justice. REFORMATIVE: Reforming or changing the criminal’s mindset is the need of the hour. But unfortunately these so called reforms only takes place after the crime has been committed so that the offender
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models of support and provision etc. which may inhibit the promotion of inclusive practice within the classroom or school. 1.0 INTRODUCTION Ronald Gulliford and Graham Upton say that special educational needs (SEN) came in use as a result of dissatisfaction: The term special educational needs began to come into use in the late 1960s as a result of increasing dissatisfaction with the terminology used in the Handicapped Pupils and School Health Service Regulations (1945)‚ which classified handicapped
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Children Need to Play Tracy R. Collins Early Childhood Education Capstone ECE 430 Instructor Kathryn Shuler November 8‚ 2010 All children need to play it is an integral part of learning and coping with the realities of everyday life. While children need physical activity to stay healthy and fit they also need unstructured‚ child centered‚ imaginative play that they control. Many parents today enroll their children in as many structured activities as possible everything from art classes
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Introduction to Operations Management In the late 1970s‚ Wal-Mart was a niche marketer‚ with about 200 stores‚ mostly in the South. At the time‚ Sears‚ JC Penney‚ and Kmart dominated the retail market. Over the years‚ Wal-Mart gained market share at the expense of the previous market leaders‚ and it has now become the largest and most profitable retailer in the world! In the 1990s‚ the Boeing Company ran into trouble when it could not meet production deadlines. As a result‚ Boeing lost some orders
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Kids Need Sports Kids these days are stuck inside doors just playing video games‚ doing homework‚ watching television‚ and that’s just wrong. Kids should be outside playing sports‚ getting some exercise while having fun. There are many reasons nowadays why kids aren’t playing or end up quitting sports‚ such as their parents don’t want them to play and get hurt‚ kids feel that they can’t do the sport or won’t be any good at it. A other reason kids end up quitting sports because they don’t like to
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Special education needs. The last fifty years have seen significant changes in the education of students with special learning needs. An estimated 1.7 million pupils in the UK have special educational needs (SEN)‚ with over 250‚000 having statements of SEN (Russell 2003‚ 215). Many positive advances have been made in educating these children‚ with special needs children receiving more options and learning opportunities. How these opportunities are presented has been an ongoing source of debate
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describes speech as; the expression of or the ability to express thoughts and feelings by articulate sounds; a person ’s style of speaking. Speech refers to the sound system of a language as well as how sounds are made in the mouth to form spoken words. All languages have different sound systems‚ the English language alone has 40 different sounds or phonemes that a child will need to familiarize themselves with. Speech refers to: • Saying sounds accurately and in the right places in words
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