Chapter 9: Muscular System: Histology and Physiology Multiple Choice 1. The capacity of a muscle cell to shorten forcefully is known as A) contractility. B) excitability. C) extensibility. D) elasticity. E) flexibility. Answer: a Level: 1 2. Muscles exhibit the property of excitability. This means that the muscle A) shortens its length. B) recoils to its original resting length. C) stretches beyond its normal length. D) responds to stimulation by the nervous system. E)
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_______________________ Exercise 2 Skeletal Muscle Physiology The Muscle Twitch and the Latent Period 1. Define the terms skeletal muscle fiber‚ motor unit‚ skeletal muscle twitch‚ electrical stimulus‚ and latent period. Motor unit- single α-motor neuron and all of the corresponding muscle fibers it innervates; all of these fibers will be of the same type Skeletal muscle fiber- long and narrow cells that often span the entire length of a muscle Skeletal muscle twitch- an activation of a muscle by firing a motor neuron
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Physiology Chooljian Lecture Exam #3 Review FIRST: Be sure to: Study chapter objectives‚ summaries‚ and reviews Review your lecture notes ANS Define: denervation hypersensitivity‚ ganglia‚ mass activation‚ sympathoadrenal system‚ dual innervation. What are the two divisions of the ANS? Where are the neurons for each division located‚ and what is the major function of each division? What type of neurons (sensory or motor) are in the ANS? What are the names for the two
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Review -Know the functions and characteristics Skeletal Muscle Tissue. -Know and understand the anatomy of skeletal muscle tissue‚ example: fascicles and muscle fibers‚ sarcoplasm‚ SR‚ sarcomere‚ etc. -Know the types of connective tissue components of skeletal muscle. -Know where each connective tissue component is located. -Know the difference between tendons and aponeurosis. -Understand the Blood vessels and nerves of skeletal muscle tissue. -Understand the difference between a myoblast
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Skeletal Muscle A. Movement B. Posture C. Generate Heat D. Stabilize Joints II. Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle A. Connective Tissue Coverings: See IP-CD: Muscular System‚ Skeletal Muscle Anatomy Review. 1. Fascia - fibrous connective tissue which separates individual muscles 2. Epimysium 3. Perimysium 4. Endomysium 5. Fascicle - 6. Tendons - 7. Aponeuroses - B. Skeletal Muscle Fibers and Microscopic Anatomy: See IP-CD: Muscular System‚ Skeletal Muscle Anatomy Review
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LAB EXERCISE 2 THE PHYSIOLOGY OF SKELETAL MUSCLE (Martini p. 306-316) Work in groups of 4 Objectives: Name and describe the phases of a muscle twitch. Explain why the "all or none" law is reflected in the activity of a single muscle cell but not in an intact skeletal muscle. Understand that the graded response of skeletal muscle is a function of the number of muscle fibers stimulated and the frequency of the stimulus. Define and explain the physiological basis of the following: - subminimal‚
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The Muscular System: Neuromuscular Junction 1. What insulates each muscle cell? __________endomysium_______________ 2. Synaptic vesicles in the axon terminal of a motor neuron contain what neurotransmitter? __________acetylcholine_______________ 3. An action potential in the axon terminal of a motor neuron opens what type of ion channels? ____________Voltage-gated Calcium_____________ 4. By what means of membrane transport does the neurotransmitter leave the axon
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types and major muscle groups Functions Body movement (voluntary control) Adequate posture Essential bodily functions (involuntary control) Types Smooth- digestive system‚ walks of vital organs and involuntary Cardiac- muscle of the heart‚ involuntary Skeletal (striated)- voluntary movements‚ development and maintenance of good posture Involuntary – no conscious control of the muscle (cannot be manipulated by you) Voluntary- conscious control of the muscle
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Exercise 2: Skeletal Muscle Physiology: Activity 3: The Effect of Stimulus Frequency on Skeletal Muscle Contraction Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly. 1. During a single twitch of a skeletal muscle You correctly answered: b. maximal force is never achieved. 2. When a skeletal muscle is repetitively stimulated‚ twitches can overlap each other and result in a stronger muscle contraction than a stand-alone twitch. This phenomenon is known as
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Smooth and Ventricular Muscles in the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Shelby MacGougan – 20555354 Section 123 T.A: Gabriella A Comparison of Aortic Smooth and Ventricular Muscles in the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is a crucial factor of muscle contraction and relaxation in the body caused by inhibiting agents in the SR‚ known as cyclopiazonic acid and thapsigargin (Nomura & Asano‚ 2000). Contraction is resulted from calcium intake and release into muscles cells‚ distributed
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