CA research 1How do muscles get the energy they need to work All muscles need ATP (ATP is a ‘energy currency’) most of these cell reactions rely on the breakdown of ATP the ways to get atp are to react anaerobically or aerobically. The “ reactions form energy in the format of ATP’’ ATP (also known as adenosine tri-phosphate) is produced. Respiration is conducted from the cell membranes inside the mitochondria. Aerobic respiration provides a lot of energy needed per molecule of glucose (the level
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MANY PROCESSES MUST TAKE place within the skeletal muscle fibres in order for muscle contraction to occur. The cross bridge cycle‚ process by which the muscle length is shortened as myosin heads‚ extending from the myosin filaments‚ interact cyclically in a rowing motion with the actin filament (Rayment et al. 1993)‚ is one of the crucial mechanical events required. The mechanism is initiated when an ATP molecule is bound to a myosin head. An enzyme within the head. known as ATPase‚ hydrolyzes the
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Skeletal Muscle Physiology: Activity 3: The Effect of Stimulus Frequency on Skeletal Muscle Contraction Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 25% by answering 1 out of 4 questions correctly. 1. During a single twitch of a skeletal muscle Your answer : a. calcium is not released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Correct answer: b. maximal force is never achieved. 2. When a skeletal muscle is repetitively stimulated‚ twitches can overlap each other and result in a stronger muscle contraction
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Muscle Fiber contractions for our purposes begins with the arrival of action potential (action potential- is an electrical current) at the end of the axon terminal (axon terminal- the swollen distal end of the motor neuron axon). When the action potential reaches the axon terminal the action potential causes the voltage- gated calcium ion channels to open allowing calcium to flow in from extracellular fluid. The presence of calcium in the axon terminal causes synaptic vesicles (synaptic vesicles-
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Origin Insertion Action coracobrachialis (deepest underarm) coracoid process of scapula medial midshaft of humerus humerus: flexion‚ medial rotation‚ abduction biceps brachii short head coracoid process of scapula long head supraglenoid tubercle of scapula radial tuberosity‚ bicipital aponerousis humerus: flexion forearm: supination‚ flexion brachialis (in b/w) anterior distal half of humerus tuberosity of ulna forearm: flexion
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INTRODUCTION OF MUSCULAR SYSTEM. Muscles tissue do is done by the coordinated contraction and release of millions of sarcomeres‚ tiny structures within the muscles cells. Muscle activity accounts for the most of the body’s energy consumption. All muscles tissues is strong. Most is enduring‚ some of it astoundingly so. Its cells are crowded with mitochondria‚ thousands of little factories constantly turning out molecules of ATP‚ a refined fuel. There are three types of muscles that can be found in our body
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Compare and contrast cardiac and smooth muscle. In cardiac muscle‚ each heartbeat is triggered by the hearts own pacemaker cells‚ which initiate electrical discharge and when this reaches the contractile muscle cells (the cardiomyocytes)‚ they create an action potential which increases the concentration of calcium ions into the cell. Calcium ions play a key role in activating what is known as the contractile machinery – the actin and myosin filaments. The cardiac action potential‚ unlike other forms
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M.Sc. malaudi@gmail.com The Structural and Functional Organization of Muscles • About 600 human skeletal muscles • Constitute about half of our body weight • Three kinds of muscle tissue – Skeletal‚ cardiac‚ smooth • Specialized for one major purpose – Converting the chemical energy in ATP into the mechanical energy of motion; Contraction and Movement • Myology—the study of the muscular system The Functions of Muscles • Movement – Locomotion – movement of body parts and body contents: • • •
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MAJOR MUSCLE GROUPS WORKSHEET‚ Reflection questions and surface anatomy This worksheet will guide your note-taking for the Major Skeletal Muscles slideshow. Be sure to include drawings or sketches of your muscle groups. It will help you when you are studying this material in the future. Your drawings do not need to be fancy. You can make simple stick figures with arrows pointing to the location of the muscle group if you wish. 1. Axial muscles are skeletal muscles of the Trunk or Head
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Review: Skeletal Muscle Tissue Graphics are used with permission of: Pearson Education Inc.‚ publishing as Benjamin Cummings (http://www.aw-bc.com) Page 1. Introduction • Skeletal muscle cells have unique characteristics which allow for body movement. Page 2. Goals • To compare and contrast smooth muscle cells‚ cardiac muscle cells‚ and skeletal muscle cells. • To review the anatomy of skeletal muscle. • To examine the connective tissue associated with the skeletal muscle. • To review
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