– who were attempting to colonize Turkey. The Greek government envisioned re-establishing the ancient Greek Empire in a colony where there was a majority of Greek-speaking people. On the other hand‚ Turkish nationalists - commanded by General Mustafa Kemal - had the simpler objective of forcing all Europeans to leave. Page 65 Then‚ in August 1920‚ the Triple Entente “presented the Turkish government with [a peace treaty called] the Treaty of Sèvres. Anatolia‚ the Turkish heartland‚ was divided
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The Khilafat movement (1919-1924) was a pan-Islamic‚ political campaign launched by Muslims in British India to influence the British government and to protect the Ottoman Empire during the aftermath of World War I. The position of Caliph after the Armistice of Mudros of October 1918 with the military occupation of Istanbul and Treaty of Versailles (1919) fell into a disambiguation along with the Ottoman Empire’s existence. The movement gained force after the Treaty of Sèvres (August 1920) which
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has been fixed in six principles or arrows‚ each signifying a target and characteristic of the reforms and was claimed to complement each other. The six arrows have become the emblem of the Republican People’s Party which was founded in 1923 by Mustafa Kemal [Atat�rk] and now the main opposition party. These are republicanism‚ secularism or laicism‚ nationalism‚ populism‚ etatism/statism and reformism/transformationism. Except for republicanism‚ all these had actually firm Ottoman roots‚ not in form
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becoming the Turkish state in 1923 by sparking the conflict in Turkey. This is seen through the wartime agreements of the allies and their involvement in the War of Independence in Turkey. However‚ the nationalists within Turkey who were led by Mustafa Kemal and the involvement of Greek forces played a much greater role in the ongoing struggle to abolish the Ottoman Empire during the War of Independence. The ruler of the Ottoman empire had declared war against the allied powers in 1914 (source B)
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African Nationalism What impact did WWI have on African nationalism? Due to the effects of the war‚ many of the European nations needed more soldiers and jobs to be taken up for progress. Even though they fought courageously for the nations of others‚ they received nothing in return. They were disappointed and distraught by this outcome. From the Peace conference of Versailles‚ ideas of self-determination from Woodrow Wilson and notion of accountability of colonial powers reached the African colonies
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Turkey‚ the humiliation that the Treaty of Sevres brought about‚ was met with indignation by many people‚ specifically Mustafa Kemal. He decided to round up troops to expel foreigners out of Turkey. The Ottoman Empire army had shrunk due to the war. They previously had 3 million men‚ but 1 out of 3 was dead or wounded‚ and hundreds of thousands had deserted or become imprisoned (2). Kemal needed more people willing to fight for the cause‚ in order to achieve his goal. He urged the people to fight by talking
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THE MOST FAVOURITE LEADER OF TURKISH PEOPLE “MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATÜRK” İntroduction: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was the first President of the Republic of Turkey and the anti-imperialist leader of Turkey until his death in 1938. Mustafa Kemal was born on‚May 19‚1881. His birth place was Salonika. He was given the name Atatürk (Father of All Turks) later. His father’s name was Ali Rıza Efendi. His mother’s name was Zübeyde Hanım. He also had a sister whose name was Makbule (Atadan). When the Ottoman
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of Communism (New York: Random House‚ 1960) 212‚ Questia‚ Web‚ 4 Jan. 2012. Foss‚ Clive. "Propaganda and the Perons‚" History Today Mar. 2000: 8‚ Questia‚ Web‚ 4 Jan. 2012. Itzkowitz‚ Norman. "Kemal Atatürk." History.com Articles‚ Video‚ Pictures and Facts. History Channel. Web. 08 Jan. 2012. . "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk." Wikipedia‚ the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 8 Jan. 2011. . Popper‚ Micha. Leaders Who Transform Society: What Drives Them and Why We Are Attracted. Westport: Praeger‚ 2005. Questia School
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Turkey is a transcontinental country ‚ located mostly in Western Asia and Eastern Europe. Turkey is bordered by 8 countries. The Mediterranean Sea is to the south; the Aegean Sea is to the west; and the Black Sea is to the north. The country’s official language is Turkish‚ which is spoken by approximately 85% of the population as mother tongue. The most numerous ethnic group is the Turks‚ who constitute between 70% and 75% of the population. Kurds are the largest ethnic minority and‚ according
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Islam‚ controlled and threatened the world by expanding and growing at a terrifying rate. Authors Geoffrey Woodward‚ Ira Lepidus‚ Mustafa Kemal Ataturk‚ Hassan al-Bana discuss how the Ottoman empire threatened and left an everlasting effect on the world. Their articles are The Ottomans in Europe‚ A History of Islamic Societies‚ A Speech Delivered by Ghazi Mustafa Kemal‚ President of the Turkish Republic‚ 1927‚ and The Tyranny of Materialism Over the Lands of Islam. Geoffrey Woodward’s article on The
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