Acid Rain: The Southern Company (A) Case Study #1 2/01/2012 Situation: The acid rain provisions of the 1990 amendments to the Clean Air Act were to being in 1995. Currently‚ it is 1992 and The Southern Company (a electric utilities holding company operating in Georgia‚ Alabama‚ Mississippi‚ and Florida) had to decide what actions they were going to take in order to comply with the new regulations. Before the Clean Air Act‚ firms did not have incentives to reduce emissions below the government
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But-2-enedioic acid Introduction Cis-trans isomers are a kind of stereoisomers called geometrical isomers. Due to the inability of rotation about the C=C bond‚ some compounds possess cis and trans isomers. But-2-enedioic acid is an example of having both isomers. Maleic acid Fumaric acid Cis and trans isomers have different physical properties such as boiling point‚ solubility‚ density and stability. In this experiment some maleic acid is converted to fumaric acid by
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steps of the citric acid cycle. Differentiate between citric acid cycle and glyoxylate cycle. Relate citric acid cycle as energy source. The Central Role of the Citric Acid Cycle 3 processes play central roles in aerobic metabolism. The citric acid cycle. Electron transport . Oxidative phosphorylation. Metabolism consists of: Catabolism: the oxidative breakdown of nutrients. Anabolism: the reductive synthesis of biomolecules. • The citric acid cycle is amphibolic
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The identification of acids and bases using a natural indicator Purpose: The purpose of this lab practice is to identify the pH of certain solutions and if they are acids or bases. Introduction: In chemistry‚ pH is a measure of the activity of the (solvated) hydrogen ion. p[H]‚ which measures the hydrogen ion concentration‚ is closely related to‚ and is often written as‚ pH. Depending on the pH solutions will be acids or bases. An acid is a chemical compound that dissociates in solution‚ releasing
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Acid-Base extraction theory states that when an acid reacts with an organic base it results in a salt that is water-soluble and a neutral molecule that is insoluble. The addition of an acid to a mixture containing acids and bases will result in the acid remaining unchanged and the base reacting to form a salt. The results from the experiment were fairly consistent when separating the strong acid‚ weak acid‚ or the base. In part one of the experiment‚ you had to separate the strong acid. When added
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Determination of Ka for a Weak Acid Introduction In the experiment preformed the objective is to titrate a weak acid with a strong base. In a titration of a weak acid with a strong base the titrant is the strong base and the analyte is a weak acid. The reaction that will occur is the direct transfer of protons from the weak acid to the hydroxide ion. The data gathered will be represented on the titration curve‚ a graph of the volume of titrant being the strong base plotted against the pH .The
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A neutralization reaction of ethanoic acid and sodium hydrogen carbonate Cristina Li 17th April 2017 Introduction The hypothesis is the balloon will be bigger and bigger with the increase of vinegar. The chemical reaction between the baking soda and vinegar produces bubbles of carbon dioxide gas as part of this acid-base reaction. Sodium hydrogen carbonate (baking
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Introduction- Acid rain is created when certain gases are mixed with atmospheric moisture to create precipitation that is more acidic. Naturally occurring sulfur and nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere can vary the acidity level in the rain. Acid rain falls in the forms of rain‚ sleet‚ snow‚ fog‚ gases‚ and particles. The pH scale is what classifies it and it follows a zero to fourteen scale and fourteen being most basic‚ seven being neutral‚ and zero being most acidic. The pH of acid rain is in the
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CHEMICAL REACTIONS: ACID-BASE BUFFERS Short Overview Acids and bases represent two of the most common classes of compounds. Many studies have been done on these compounds‚ and their reactions are very important. Perhaps the most important reaction is the one in which an acid and base are combined‚ resulting in the formation of water (in aqueous solution) and a salt; this reaction is called neutralization. A buffer solution is a solution that contains both an acid and a salt containing
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natural acid‚ citric acid industry has seen a fast growth in China before 2008 due to increasing demand from both of overseas market and domestic market. However‚ in the past five years‚ China’’s Citric Acid production has been expanding slowly due to demand increase very slowly. What’’s more‚ the price of citric acid’s raw material witnessed the uptrend in the same period. What has happened in the citric market in past five years? How is the current competition structure of citric acid in China
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