the cardiac tissue‚ and stimulate the myocardial tissue to contract. • The autonomic nervous system plays an important role in the rate of impulse formation‚ the speed of conduction‚ and the strength of cardiac contraction. Electrocardiogram Monitoring • The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a graphic tracing of the electrical impulses produced in the heart. • ECG waveforms are produced by the movement of charged ions across the semipermeable membranes of myocardial cells. • There are 12 recording leads
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To provide a mechanism to fix this problem a transgenic knockout mice can be studied to see how a mutation of LDL receptors‚ or deficiency of Apo E‚ providing the correct gene could potentially reverse the problem. The objective here to use stem cells via microinjection
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Cardiovascular Disease-Case study #2 Christian Oyibe Advanced Clinical Pathophysiology Nursing 6150 Governor’s State University Professor Savannah Prince March7‚ 2012 Introduction Heart disease is often used interchangeably with cardiovascular disease generally refers to conditions that involve narrowed or block vessels that can lead to a heart attack‚ chest pain (angina) or stroke. Other forms of heart condition
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transmitter levels in order to compensate extremes. Thus‚ receptors disappear from the cell surface or reappear on it‚ resulting more or less in an "off" or "working mode" respectively‚ or they change their susceptibility for binding partners (ligands) – mechanisms called down-/upregulation. However‚ studies suggest cocaine abusers do not show normal age-related loss of striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) sites‚ suggesting cocaine has neuroprotective properties for dopamine neurons.[13] The experience of insatiable
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Acute myocardial infarction is the medical term for a heart attack. A heart attack is a life threatening condition causing an abrupt stoppage of blood flow to the heart. Diagnosis of a heart attack has to be made quickly to prevent further damage or death. Patients usually get medical attention when they experience chest pain. Many patients assume the chest pain is from indigestion or acid peptic symptoms. These patients waste time with antacids. Chest pain may be accompanied with vomiting‚ sweating
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Cell Fusion Introduction: The fusion of cells is a fundamental biological event that is essential for a variety of developmental and homeostatic processes. The importance of cell-cell fusion during development and disease is displayed in a variety of biological processes including‚ but not limited to‚ fertilization‚ development of tissues‚ the immune response‚ and aspects of tissue regeneration due to stem cells (Chen and Olson‚ 2005). Fertilization‚ which is the fusion of sperm and egg‚
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beta-adrenergic blocking agents‚ or beta-adrenergic antagonists‚ are drugs that are prescribed to treat several different types of conditions‚ including hypertension (high blood pressure)‚ angina‚ some abnormal heart rhythms‚ heart attack (myocardial infarction)‚ anxiety‚ migraine‚ glaucoma‚ and overactive thyroid symptoms. Beta-blockers block the action of the sympathetic nervous system of the heart‚ thus reducing stress on the heart. The sympathetic nervous system activates the "fight or flight"
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References: Bakris G.L.‚ Williams M.‚ Dworkin L.‚ (2000): Preserving renal function in adults with hypertension and diabetes: a consensus approach. Ball S.G.‚ Hass A.S.‚ (1994): what to expect from ACE inhibitors after myocardial infarction. Br Heart J. Biovail Pharmaceuticals‚ Inc Merck Sharp & Dohme. Vasotec® (1986): formulary information monograph. West Point‚ P.A. Merck. Prinivil® (lisinopril) (2006): tablets prescribing information. Whitehouse Station‚ N.J. D‚ Robertson
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Makati College of Allied Health Studies J. P. Rizal Extension‚ West Rembo‚ Makati City Center of Nursing Name: _____________________________________ Group: _______________________ 1. A 42-year-old client admitted with an acute myocardial infarction asks to see his chart. What should the nurse do first? a. Allow the client to view his chart b. Contact the supervisor and physician for approval c. Ask the client if he has concerns about his care d. Tell the client that he isn’t permitted
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plaque narrowing severe or complete occlusion marked imbalance between O2 supply + demand * Partially occlusive thrombus is usual cause of: * Unstable angina * Non ST elevation MI (NSTEMI) * Both very similar – latter has myocardial necrosis (whereas unstable angina only ischemia) * Complete obstruction more severe ischemia + larger amount of necrosis ST elevation MI (STEMI) Acute coronary syndromes. Following disruption of a vulnerable plaque‚ patients experience
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