246 Call 9-1-1 for unexplained sudden illness Help victim rest and avoid getting chilled or overheated Reassure victim Do not give victim anything to eat or drink Watch for changes Be prepared to give BLS 4. Heart Attack – Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI)‚ p. 246 Sudden reduced blood flow to heart muscle Medical emergency that often leads to cardiac arrest Can occur at any age Usually results from atherosclerosis (hardening of arteries) 5. Facts About Heart Attack‚ pg. 247 Box
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Therapy Value ACE inhibitors Decrease afterload an Preload Aldosterone antagonists Oppose Aldosterone mediated effects: Renal Na+ retention Cardiac and vascular remodeling Inotropes (Digoxin‚ PDE inh.‚ Dobutamine) Increase myocardial cell contractility Beta blockers (Carvedilol‚ Bisoprolol‚ Metoprolol) Lower deleterious sympathetic nervous system effects: Slow Heart rate
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with this disease are often at risk of dangerous forms of irregular heartbeat and sudden cardiac death. The term cardiomyopathy generally apply’s to any disease affecting the heart. Usually it is used for severe myocardial disease leading to heart failure. Different cases of myocardial diseases can be categorized as extrinsic or intrinsic. The term extrinsic means a cardiomyopathy where the primary pathology is on the outside of the myocardium. The most common cause of an extrinsic cardiomyopathy
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Australia: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Retrieved from http://www.aihw.gov.au/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=6442459906. You‚ Jiqiong‚ Condon‚ John‚ Zhao‚ Yuejen‚ & Guthridge‚ Steven. (2009). Incidence and survival after acute myocardial infarction in Indigenous and non-Indigenous people in the Northern Territory‚ 1992-2004. Medical journal of Australia 190‚
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patients who have high surgical risk‚ but meet the indications for Aortic valve replacement (AVR) and have an expected post TAVR survival of >12 months. It is contraindicated in patients with bicuspid/unicuspid/noncalcified aortic valve‚ acute myocardial infarction (MI)‚ significant coronary artery disease (CAD)‚ an LVEF 25 mm‚ severe aortic regurgitation or mitral regurgitation‚ a transient ischemic attack within 6 months‚ severe renal insufficiency or if the 30-day surgical morbidity and mortality is
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heart rates/ and/or tachycardia’s. IV morphine sulfate (Morphine) has been reported to reduce preload‚ heart rate‚ and possibly afterload‚ the net effect of which is a reduction in myocardial oxygen demand. Morphine helps in Reduction of sympathetic stimulation. Morphine helps reduces heart rate‚ cardiac work‚ and myocardial oxygen consumption. Morphine also releases moderate to severe
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. Cardiovascular disorders: A case study xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx‚ Pathopharmacology October 27‚ 2013 Cardiovascular disorders: A case study Cardiovascular disease (CVD)‚ the leading cause of death in both men and women in the United States and worldwide‚ includes coronary artery disease‚ cerebrovascular disease‚ peripheral artery disease‚ rheumatic heart disease‚ deep vein thrombosis‚ congenital heart disease‚ and pulmonary embolism (Caboral‚ 2013). In the United States‚ heart
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A CASE OF LIMB-GIRDLE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY FOR TOTAL THYROIDECTOMY: ANAESTHETIC MANAGEMENT INTRODUCTION Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) refers to a genetically heterogeneous group of muscular dystrophies that present with weakness mainly involving the shoulder and hip girdles.1 LGMD has a predominantly proximal distribution of weakness which early in the course of the disease spares distal‚ facial‚ & extra ocular muscles. Most childhood onset cases have a pelvifemoral distribution
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5. What is the rationale for the use of each of A.O.’s medications in managing her heart disease? 1. -Left sided heart failure on the backwards effect. - Orthopnea‚ cough‚ cyanosis‚ basilar crackles 2. - SNS activation‚ Increased preload‚ myocardial hypertrophy 3. - since the left side of the heart is unable to pump properly‚ the highway of blood is not circulating
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Difficulty of breathing ➢ Poor skin turgor ➢ Clutching of hands to chest ➢ Shortness of breath ➢ Restlessness VITAL SIGNS: ➢ BP- 130/90 mmHg ➢ T- 37.5 C ➢ PR- 98 BPM ➢ RR-25BPM ➢ PAIN SCALE- 8 | ➢ ACUTE PAIN RELATED TO MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA. |SHORT TERM GOAL: After 8 hours of nursing intervention: ➢ The patient will be able to verbalize relief from chest pain and difficulty of breathing ➢ The patient will be able to reduce anxiety regarding his condition. LONG
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