REPORT Activity 2: Twitch Contractions and Summation PREDICTIONS Effect of Muscle Fiber Length on Contraction 1. As muscle fiber length increases: contraction force increases‚ becoming maximum at an optimal length‚ then decreasing at longer lengths. Effect of Stimulation Frequency on Contraction 2. As the frequency of stimulation increases‚ the force of contraction: increases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Measurement of Threshold Stimulus 1. Dependent Variable: contraction force. 2. Independent
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period prior to a competitive performance using the headings physiological‚ psychological and technical. Outline the strategies and considerations elite athletes take into account in their short term preparation for global games. (20marks) Prior to an event/performance an athlete will need to do an effective warm-up‚ this will increase the athletes heart rate‚ increases the temperature of muscles to an optimum level this will reduce the risk of injury. The four stages of an effective warm up are gross
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recessive “mini-muscle” phenotype in mice. Smaller body size and muscles as well as increased maximal oxygen intake are observed in mice with the “mini-muscle” phenotype. This observation raises an issue about why the selectively bred mice with the “mini-muscle” phenotype have reduced triceps and thigh muscle mass as they are able to cover greater distances; due to faster running speed‚ on an activity wheel compared to normal mice. However‚ greater exercise and load is thought to result in muscle hypertrophy
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NYRR Short Answers 12. Do you consider yourself an athlete? Why or why not? An athlete is an individual who actively engages in sports‚ which I rarely do. Although I am aware of the benefits of exercise‚ it is not a large component of my lifestyle. The only time I am actively exercising is during my physical education class at school during Tuesday and Thursday mornings. Badminton and volleyball are the only sports I am fairly good at. However‚ I do not have the time or equipment to engage in these
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the breakdown of damaged muscle tissues resulting in the release of muscle fiber contents into the bloodstream (Patel M.D.). This disease occurs when there is damage to the skeletal muscle. The breakdown products of damaged muscle cells‚ such as myoglobin‚ are harmful to the kidneys and frequently result in kidney damage or even kidney failure. The severity of the symptoms depends on the degree of muscle damage and the degree of the kidney damage‚ if any. The primary muscle damage can be caused by
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Do Athletics Help in Life? Growing up in the 21st Century has provided a preponderance of children with the opportunity to participate in competitive sports. These athletics aid in the development of competition‚ respect‚ and social skills‚ which can lead to more success by acquiring life skills early. Whether it be basketball‚ baseball‚ soccer‚ football‚ or one of the countless other sports offered throughout the country‚ sports are crucial in the expansion of growing children’s experiences
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r Virtual Lab: Enzyme Controlled Reactions Instructions 1. Go to the following web-link in order to open the Virtual Lab: http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/virtual_labs_2K8/labs/BL_02/index.html 2. Open the Virtual Lab: Enzyme Controlled Reactions 3. The virtual lab simulation will be on the right side of the screen‚ and the “Question” column will be on the left side of the screen. 4. Click the monitor in the lab simulation to watch a video about enzyme action. 5. Click the “Information”
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amylase and starch. Introduction The enzyme amylase is found in the human body‚ it catalyses the hydrolosis of internal glycosidic bonds in polysaccharides‚ the breakdown of starch into sugars. Amylase is present in human saliva‚ where it initiates the chemical process of digestion. Enzymes work best at an optimum pH of 7 which is the bodies normal pH. The pH affects the charge of the amino acid at the active site. PH changes affect the structure of an enzyme molecule and therefore affect its ability
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Enzymes Enzymes are… * Biological catalysts Lower the energy level needed for a biochemical reaction to occur. This energy level is called activation energy. * Proteins Polypeptide chains made up of 100’s-1000’s of amino acids in a specific sequence. * Do not get “used up” in a reaction The number of “uses” of an enzyme depends on the enzyme. * Work more efficiently at certain optimum temperatures. * They are “reaction-specific”. Each enzyme is included in one reaction.
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Daniel Yoo Mrs. Knox English IIII 12 November 2015 Use of Steroids in Sports There’s lot of stories about professional athletes using enhancing performance drugs. Lot of athletes use drugs for their performance in the past and some athlete still use it now days. Drugs are usually turn to steroids‚ there are several types of steroids like anabolic steroids or corticosteroids‚ they are in same groups. Corticosteroids‚ cortisone or prednisone
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