7. What is meant by excitation-contraction coupling? 8. What are the parts of the skeletal muscle triad and what are their functions? 9. Explain the cross bridge cycle‚ and why a filaments do not slide back to their original position when a myosin cross bridge detaches from actin. 10. Discuss the roles of calcium in skeletal muscle contraction. 11. What causes rigor mortis? 12. Define a motor unit. 13. Define muscle twitch‚ what are the three phases seen in a twitch diagram
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Levalbuterol‚ brand name XopenexⓇ‚ is classified as a beta-2 agonist that acts as a bronchodilator that relaxes the muscles in the airways and increase airflow to the lungs in patients with reversible obstructive airway disease for example asthma. XopenexⓇ is a product of by Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. and was first approved for clinical use on March 11‚ 2005. Beta-2 agonists have undergone some changes in the formation of levalbuterol and albuterol which been successful in the treatment of reversible
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the chromosomes decondense‚ spindle disassembly‚ nuclear envelope reformation‚ the Golgi apparatus and E.R. reform and the nucleus also reforms. Cytokinesis effects are that the cell still divides for animal cells a cleavage furrow made of actin and myosin II constricts the middle of the cell and in plants the phragmoplast forms at the equator of the spindles where a new cell wall forms 2. Using Taxol which affects the spindle formation the cell would have already undergone metaphase and anaphase
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Week 2 Reading Summary : Chap 1-3 Chapter 1 Anatomy: studies the structure of body parts and their relationship to one another. Can be seen‚ felt‚ examined. Physiology: concerns the function of the body in other words‚ how the body parts work and carry out their life-sustaining activities Complementary of structure and function Function reflect structure‚ what a structure can do depends on is specific form Levels of structural organization: Cells – smallest living unit
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Sample essays and suggested plans for content 1. The process of diffusion and its importance in living organisms Definition Fick’s Law Types of diffusion e.g. Facilitated diffusion‚ osmosis Gas exchange in unicells‚ fish‚ mammals and plants Digestion and absorption of products Exchange of materials between blood in capillaries and tissues e.g. placenta Transpiration‚ root pressure‚ water and ion uptake by roots Translocation and mass flow hypothesis Osmoregulation by blood and kidney‚ unicells
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Mechanism of Action of Drugs Affecting The Cardiovascular System 1) Antihypertensive Drugs: ➢ Diuretics ➢ (-Blockers ➢ ACE Inhibitors ➢ Angiotensin II-Receptor Antagonists ➢ Renin Inhibitors ➢ Calcium Channel Blockers ➢ (-Blockers 2) Antianginal Drugs ➢ Organic Nitrates ➢ (-Blockers ➢ Calcium Channel Blockers 3) Drug Treatment of Heart Failure
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INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM FUNCTIONS 1. Covering and protection 2. Secretion (cutaneous gland) 3. Excretion of metabolic wastes (cutaneous gland) 4. Sensation (presence of nerve endings and tacticle) 5. Respiration – in frog 6. Absorption – in frog 7. Regulation of body temperature HOMOIOTHERMOUS ANIMALS- warm blooded animals or those with regulated body temperature because of their heat-conserving body. POIKILOTHERMOUS ANIMALS - cold blooded animals whose body temperature closely follows
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Text Edition (10th/11th/12th) is specified if the figure numbers are DIFFERENT in the editions. If figure numbers are the SAME‚ then the edition is not specified. ****502 Students: Read this paragraph **** If you are a 502 student using this guide‚ this is based on Dr. Rust’s lectures in Physiol 201. Topics may have been covered in more detail in 502 or the coverage or emphasis may have been different since many topics in 502 were taught by other professors- so use your notes and slides along
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the relationship between distribution of muscle fiber type and performance. How might exercise training modify or change a person’s fiber-type distribution? Skeletal muscles contain multiple fiber types that are distinguished by their different myosin ATPase speed‚ and the development of their SR. The two main fiber types are type I and type II fibers. Type II fibers have a faster ATPase and a more developed SR than type I fibers. Type II fibers are also part of a larger motor unit‚ allowing for
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Cellular Respiration and Rigor Mortis Cellular respiration is a metabolic process where the body uses organic molecules to produce energy. One of the greatest energy sources that our body uses is glucose. In cellular respiration glucose is broken down‚ and the energy from those bonds is used to create adenosine triphosphate (ATP). There are two types of respiration: aerobic and anaerobic. In aerobic respiration there are 3 main steps: Glycolysis‚ Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)‚ and Oxidative Phosphorylation
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